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EXAMMMMMMMM TAYM > PHILOOOSOPO KA NGA TAO‼️ > Flashcards

PHILOOOSOPO KA NGA TAO‼️ Flashcards

1
Q

Philosophy means ________.

A

“The love of wisdom”

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2
Q

Greek word Philos means “______”

A

Love

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3
Q

Greek word Sophia means “_____”

A

Wisdom

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4
Q

is the study of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language.

A

Philosophy

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5
Q

Which country is Western Philosophy originated from?

A

Greece

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6
Q

Proposed that water is the fundamental substance of the universe.

A

Thales

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7
Q

Suggested that all things emerge from an indefinite realm called apeiron.

A

Anaximander

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8
Q

Believed air is the essential substance that forms all matter.

A

Anaximenes

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9
Q

Known for the Pythagorean theorem and the idea that numbers and mathematical relations constitute the ultimate reality.

A

Pythagoras

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10
Q

Introduced the concept of logos and emphasized the constant change in the universe.

A

Heraclitus

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11
Q

Proposed that the universe is composed of tiny, indivisible particles called atoms.

A

Democritus

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12
Q

Developed the Socratic method, a way of questioning to explore knowledge and morality.

A

Socrates

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13
Q

Introduced the theory of forms and contributed significantly to political theory.

A

Plato

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14
Q

Founded the Lyceum, known for his works in logic, metaphysics, and ethics.

A

Aristotle

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15
Q

Combined philosophy with mathematics to analyze natural phenomena.

A

Archimedes

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16
Q

concerned with uncovering truth through systematic argumentation. Focuses on logic, reason, and the scientific method.

A

Western Philosophy

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17
Q

These branches focus on understanding the nature of knowledge, thought, and perception.

A

Cognitive Branches of Philosophy

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18
Q

These branches deal with questions of how things should be rather than how they are.

A

Normative Branches of Philosophy

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19
Q

A branch of philosophy that deals with the nature of thinking and reasoning that uses empirical support and information which are reliable, valid and objective.

A

Logic

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20
Q

A branch of philosophy that deals with the examination of existence and the foundation of philosophy.

A

Metaphysics

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21
Q

The study of knowledge, its sources, limits, and validity. This is the explanation of how we think.

A

Epistemology

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22
Q

a branch of philosophy dealing with correct judgment.

A

Ethics

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23
Q

tells you how a society must be set up and how one should act within a society.

A

Politics

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24
Q

a branch of philosophy that deals with the nature of beauty and taste, as well as the philosophy of art.

A

Aesthetics

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25
Q

some major questions that Philosophers ponder upon?

A
  1. Reality
  2. Certainty
  3. Causality
  4. Ethics
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26
Q

The state of existence of things independent of human consciousness.
RIYALLL

A

Question of Reality

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27
Q

refers to perfect knowledge that is free from error or doubt.
Central concept is TRUTH.

A

Question of Certainty

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28
Q

Examining the cause-and-effect relationship.

A

Question of Causality

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29
Q

Is all about judgement and morality.

A

Question of Ethics

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30
Q

Method of questioning

A

Socratic Method

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31
Q

A new method. Philosophers engage in discussion, discourse, and debate on their ideas.

A

Argument method

32
Q

A method thats differing ideas and perspectives are analyzed and from the information gathered, new ideas and views are formulated.

A

Dialectic Method

33
Q

Method that employs a skeptical attitude in looking at ideas, events, or things.

A

Systematic doubt method

34
Q

Method that refers statements that convey certain assumptions in a philosophical discussion.

A

Axioms Method

35
Q

method that analyzes possible explanations regarding a phenomenon

A

Occam’s Razor

36
Q

method defined as imagined scenarios used to illustrate a certain problem or describe a theory.

A

Thought Experimental and Allegory Method

37
Q
  • lies at the heart of any inquiry
  • complex concept in philosophy
  • there is no absolute measure
A

Truth

38
Q

The first concept about truth is rooted in on ancient greek philosophy’s concept of knowledge as “_______, _____, ______.”

A

Justified, true, belief

39
Q

THEORY thats base on reality, facts, observation

A

Correspondence theory

40
Q

THEORY that makes sense in certain place / group

A

Coherence theory

41
Q

THEORY that almost everyone agrees

A

Consensus Theory

42
Q

THEORY that shapes knowledge by culture, Influence history

A

Constructivist Theory

43
Q

THEORY that holds the view that something is true if we can put it into practice or if it is useful in real life.

A

Pragmatic Theory

44
Q

phrased in such a way that they seem reasonable.

A

Argument

45
Q

express certain views and beliefs

A

Subjective

46
Q

attacking the person making the argument instead of the argument itself.

A

Bias

47
Q

personal views of the person presenting them

A

Ad hominem

48
Q

using the threat of force or an undesirable event to advance an argument

A

Appeal to force

49
Q

using emotions such as pity or sympathy

A

Appeal to emotion

50
Q

the idea is presented as acceptable because a lot of people accept it

A

Appeal to popular

51
Q

the idea is acceptable because it has been true for a long time

A

Appeal to tradition

52
Q

assuming the thing or idea to be proven is true; also known as “circular argument”

A

Begging the question

53
Q

assuming that what is true for a part is true for the whole

A

Fallacy of composition

54
Q

assuming that what is true for the whole is true for its parts

A

Fallacy of division

55
Q

tendency to judge a person’s personality by his or her actions, without regard for external factors or influences

A

Correspondence Bias

56
Q

Tendency to look for and readily accept information that fits with one’s own beliefs or views and to reject ideas or views that go against it

A

Confirmation Bias

57
Q

focusing on a certain aspect of a problem while ignoring other aspects

A

Framing Bias

58
Q

the tendency to see past events as predictable, or to ascribe a pattern to historical events

A

Hindsight Bias

59
Q

person or group is connected to or has a vested interest in the issue being discussed

A

Conflict of Interest

60
Q

analyzing an event or issue based on one’s cultural standard

A

Cultural Bias

61
Q

commonly define to represent the entire human race

A

Man

62
Q

used to refer for various classifications and species.

A

Human

63
Q

used to separate man from other human classifications like animals.

A

Human Being

64
Q

an individual who possess self-awareness, self determination, rational mind, and the capacity to interact with other and with himself/herself.

A

Human Person

65
Q

term refers to the deepest and natural behaviour of a person that distinguish human from animals.

A

Human Nature

66
Q

Three components of Human Person??

A

Soul, Mind, Spirit

67
Q

something within and cannot be physically seen

A

Cognitive Self

68
Q

something can be seen in his/her physical appearance

A

Physical Self

69
Q

is an animating core living within each of us.

A

Embodied Spirit

70
Q

beyond human limitations

A

Transcendence

71
Q

studies the moral relationships of human beings with the environment and its non-human contents.

A

Environmental Philosophy

72
Q

focuses on the significant role of humankind in the world

A

Anthropocentrism

73
Q

believes that humans are not the only significant species on the planet

A

Biocentrism

74
Q

places great value on ecosystems and biological communities.

A

Eco centrism

75
Q

improving the natural beauty of the environment will contribute to the well-being of the people and other living organisms.

A

Environmental Aesthetics

76
Q

ability to make wise decisions

A

Prudence

77
Q

practice of being economical with resources, spending money wisely

A

Frugality

EXAMMMMMMMM TAYM (6 decks)

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