GEN BIO 💥🤯

Question 1

is the main inorganic compound in all living organisms.

Answer 1

Water

Question 2

Carbon-containing molecules are called _____________.

Answer 2

organic compounds

Question 3

Carbon-based molecules are often the result of smaller molecules called ________, linked together in a chain.

Answer 3

subunits

Question 4

Each subunit of a complex molecule is called _________.

Answer 4

monomer

Question 5

are the most abundant organic compounds in living organisms that are responsible for as much as 15 percent of the body’s dry weight.

Answer 5

Proteins

Question 6

Proteins form the structural parts of cells and tissues, such as keratin in hair and fingernail.

Answer 6

Structural Proteins

Question 7

All chemical processes in the body need a large amount of energy. Most of these processes require several hundred degrees centigrade.

Answer 7

Enzymatic Proteins

Question 8

• are highly specific
• can catalyze only a specific chemical reaction
• maltase specifically catalyzes the breakdown of maltose into simple sugars.

Answer 8

Enzymes

Question 9

The presence of membrane proteins in the form of channel and carrier proteins in the plasma membrane aid cells to be selective in moving substances into and out of the cell.

Answer 9

Transport proteins

Question 10

Another type of protein that plays an important role in the body’s defense system against disease-causing foreign organisms and particles, like bacteria and viruses, is called antibody.

Answer 10

Defense Proteins

Question 11

Hormones are signal proteins that regulate body functions.

Answer 11

Regulatory or Signal Proteins

Question 12

are found in cells to allow movement and cause muscle contraction.

Answer 12

Contractile Proteins

Question 13

serve as reserves of amino acids, which can be used later on to nourish the growth and development of organisms.

Answer 13

Storage Proteins

Question 14

are organic compounds that serve as the main source of energy in all organisms.

Answer 14

Carbohydrates

Question 15

are organic compounds that serve as the main source of energy in all organisms.

Answer 15

Carbohydrates

Question 16

are simple sugars with only one sugar unit.

Answer 16

Monosaccharides

Question 17

are complex sugars made up of two molecules of monosaccharides chemically joined together.

Answer 17

Disaccharides

Question 18

is commonly found in plants, but rarely found in animals.

Answer 18

Fructose

Question 19

the most abundant organic compound on Earth, is a structural polysaccharide found in plant cell walls.

Answer 19

Cellulose

Question 20

is a structural polysaccharide in the outer coverings of crustaceans and insects.

Answer 20

Chitin

Question 21

are organic substances that include fats and fat-like substances, such as phospholipid, wax, steroid, and sphingolipid.

Answer 21

Lipids

Question 22

are important components of cell membranes. They are made up of two fatty acid molecules and one phosphate group.

Answer 22

Phospholipids

Question 23

are important components for many organisms, such as the cuticle covering the surface of leaves and stems of plants, and protective coverings on the skin and fur of some animals.

Answer 23

Waxes

Question 24

lipids with a carbon skeleton of four fused rings. Cholesterol, bile salts, sex hormones, and vitamin D are examples of __________.

Answer 24

Steroids

Question 25

also known as blood fats, circulate in the bloodstream along with cholesterol.

Answer 25

Triglycerides

Question 26

are specifically found in the brain, lungs, and nerve tissues.

Answer 26

Sphingolipids

Question 27

are organic compounds that function for the storage of genetic information, which is transmitted from one generation to the next in all living organisms.

Answer 27

Nucleic Acids