Philisophy 1ABC

Question 1

What is a an a posteriori argument

Answer 1

An argument which relies on empirical evidence

Question 2

What is an a priori argument

Answer 2

An argument which uses experiences and deductive reasoning

Question 3

What are Aquinas 3 ways

Answer 3

Motion, causality and contingency

Question 4

What is Humes criticism

Answer 4

He criticizes the analogy of using humans as it is normally based of things we experience however if we use experience to argue against things we lack the experience of them the argument could be considered weak and invalid

Question 5

What argument did William Paley use

Answer 5

Paley argues that the universe was designed with such complexity that it must’ve been created by god however Humes claims that it wasn’t designed well and that there are other universes which are better designed by god

Question 6

What is the anthropic principle

Answer 6

The universe has been designed for the ultimate purpose for producing intelligent life

Question 7

What is the analogy of the archer that Aquinas uses

Answer 7

He states the idea of an archer, the target is the goal and the arrow is the thing which is contingent and has been set to achieve its goal by the archer who is the incontingent being thus when it regularly hits its target it shows regularity

Question 8

What is the Kalam cosmological argument

Answer 8

1) an actual infinite cannot be made up of a series of events
2) so the universe must be finite and therefore had a beginning
3) whatever began to exist must have had a cause therefore the universe had a first cause. That first cause was god