Philippine Literature during the American Colonial Period Flashcards
Literature reflects the practices, cultures, and
reactions of its people to the events around them.
TRUE
What came to effect on April 11, 1899?
TREATY OF PARIS/PARIS TREATY
Who signed the agreement? (TREATY OF PARIS) He is the US Secretary of State, after the Spanish-American War.
JOHN HAY
In paris treaty, they
surrendered the remaining colonies of the Spanish
empire. Which colonies are these?
To which country did they surrender these colonies?
Cuba
Puerto Rico
Guam
Philippines
SURRENDERED THEM TO THE U.S!
How much did America pay for the Philippines?
20 MILLION DOLLARS
Who headed education in the Philippines?
AMERICAN SOLDIERS
This is what the 600 teachers of the Filipinos during this period were called after the American soldiers. WHY?
THOMASITES. Because the teachers stayed in a ship: USS THOMAS
What year did the thomasites replaced the soldiers?
1901
Public education was made free and this created a new educated middle class in the country.
TRUE.
The medium of instruction used was SPANISH.
FALSE. IT’S ENGLISH
Filipinos learned American models of thought, culture, and ways of life.
TRUE
Since the Filipinos were colonized for more than 300 years prior to the American colonial period, the SPANISH language was widely used during American rule. Thus,
Since the Filipinos were colonized for more than 300 years prior to the American colonial period, the SPANISH language was widely used during American rule.
TRUE
What are the examples of newspapers written in Spanish during the American colonization? (5)
El Tiempo
El Pueblo de Iloilo
La Vanguardia
La Democracia
El Renacimiento
What are the examples of newspapers written in ENGLISH during the American colonization? (9)
Manila Times
the Manila Daily Bulletin
Cable News
the Independent
Philippines Free Press
the Philippine Review
the Philippines Herald
the Manila Tribune
Graphic
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This literary work started appearing in magazines as a series.
COMICS!
This literary work is the FORM OF ENTERTAINMENT. These are satirical and often criticize the government through HUMOR
COMEDIES!
What are two examples of Comics?
Lipang Kalabaw, a Tagalog magazine owned by
Lope K. Santos.
Album ng mga Kabalbalan ni Kenkoy
Tagalog drama also transformed from merely a form of entertainment to an expression of revolt against the Americans.
TRUE
What are examples of Tagalog dramas?
Juan Abad, who wrote Tanikalang Guinto
Juan Matapang Cruz for Hindi Aco Patay
Aurelio Tolentino, writer of Kahapon, Ngayon, at Bukas Severino Reyes for Walang Sugat
Julian Cruz Balmaceda for Sa Bunganga ng Pating
Precioso Palma for Paglipas ng Dilim.
_____ a form of musical theater famous in the 1920s to 1930s, was later written in English
SARSUWELA.
What are examples of Sarsuwelas?
Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero, who wrote Three Rats
Alberto Florentino, writer of The World Is an Apple.
However, even in the midst of the American period, the
Spanish language was used in other works other than newspapers.
TRUE
What are examples of poems and works written in SPANISH?
Claro M. Recto for his piece Bajo los Cocoteros
Antonio M. Abad for his El Ultimo Romantico
Jesus Balmori, popular for his Mi Casa de Nipa
The Filipinos became apprentices of the Americans/
TRUE
What are apprentices?
Someone who learns a skill by working for an expert in that field for a period of time
Filipino writers _______ the style of popular American fictionists. It was as if learning the language was also learning to write in English.
IMITATED
However, as years went by, these writers found their own styles in writing naman.
TRUE
What are examples of famous short stories written in English?
“Dead Stars” by Paz Marquez-Benitez
“Footnote to Youth” by Jose Garcia Villa.
What are examples of famous short stories written in English?
“Dead Stars” by Paz Marquez-Benitez
“Footnote to Youth” by Jose Garcia Villa.
_____ became a popular form of expression, alongside short stories.
ESSAYS
What were essays like? (2)
- Light and Humorous
- Serious subjects such as politics and social problems.
Where were most essays published?
NEWSPAPER COLUMNS
In 1921, the first-ever anthology for essays was published. What’s it called and who wrote it?
Life and Success by Zoilo M. Galang
The first collection of poems in book form was published in 1921. What’s it called and who wrote it?
Reminiscence by Lorenzo Paredes
This poem was the first known Filipino poem in English and was published in the Philippines Free Press in 1907. What’s it called and who wrote it?
Sursum Corda by Justo Juliano
Their further development in using the English language in writing helped pave the way for younger Filipino writers to confidently write their own stories and add more to the ever-growing list of literary works in the country.
TRUE
Filipino writers in English started from being
“apprentices” of American writers and developed to being writers with their own voices and
styles.
TRUE
