Philippine Literature during Martial Law

Question 1

There is MARTIAL LAW when direct military control and suspension of ordinary law, which is characterized by extremely controlled society.

Answer 1

TRUE

Question 2

What is proclamation 1081 implemented on September 21, 1972?

Answer 2

MARTIAL LAW

Question 3

Prominent political figures and media
personalities who openly criticized the government were
arrested, incarcerated, and/or went missing.

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

What are the 4 Literary Works during the Martial Law Era?

Answer 4

PROTEST
PROLETARIAN
PRISON
CIRCUMVENTION

Question 5

LIT WORK

example of protest?

Answer 5

A notable example was Lualhati Bautista’s Dekada ’70.

Question 5

LIT WORK

What is protest?

Answer 5

aka revolutionary literature.

• works that express distaste, disagreement, or transgression to the present government, applicable to the current political,
  social, and/or economic conditions of the country when the works were written.

Question 6

LIT WORK

What is proletarian?

Answer 6

Literary works written by working-class authors about the
working class and xperiences and struggles of the
working class.

Question 7

Authors that tackle social realism?

Answer 7

AMADO HERNANDEZ
JOSE PETE LACABA

Question 8

What is social realism?

Answer 8

Works that aimed to EFFECT SOCIAL CHANGE through portraying the truths of society, everyday happenings, current events, and interaction and disparity of social classes are classified as depicting social realism.

Question 9

Authors that make proletarian lit?

Answer 9

Arturo B. Rotor
Hernando Ocampo

Question 10

LIT WORK

What is prison literature?

Answer 10

produced by authors who are incarcerated or
confined in a secluded area such as a prison cell.

why?
- the government arrested not only political and media dissidents but also writers and scholars

Question 11

LIT WORK

example of proletarian?

Answer 11

He or They by Hernando Ocampo

Question 12

LIT WORK

example of prison?

Answer 12

Pintig Sa Malamig na Bakal: Poems and Letters from
Philippine Prisons (1979)
Mila Aguilar’s Why Cage Pigeons? (1984).

Question 13

Authors that make prison lit?

Answer 13

Mila Aguilar
Jose Ma. Sison
Ricardo Lee

Question 14

LIT WORK

What is circumvention lit?

Answer 14

expressing social and political
transgression through metaphors, allegories, symbolisms, etc.

Question 15

protest and circumvention are almost the same. what’s the difference?

Answer 15

mas masining/metaphorical/flowery and circumvention

Question 16

Writers of prison type of literature used subtle codes and symbols so that the Marcos regime’s censors and inspectors do not notice the subversive message in the works.

Answer 16

FALSE! CIRCUMVENTION

Question 17

LIT WORK

examples of circumvention lit?

Answer 17

Jose “Pete” Lacaba’s Sister Stella L. (1984) and Bayan Ko: Kapit sa Patalim (1985).

Question 18

LIT WORK

authors that make circumvention lit?

Answer 18

JOSE “PETE” LACABA

Question 19

“literature of circumvention” prevalent from 1972
to 1983 was the artists’ way of “talking about and speaking the truth.”

• who said this?

Answer 19

NICANOR TIONGSON