Philippine History Flashcards
Between what years did the Orang Dampuans come to the Philippines?
Answer: Between 900 A.D. and 1200 A.D.
They were sailors from Southern Annam, now a part of Vietnam. They traded with people of Sulu called Buranuns.
Who was credited with naming the Philippines “Felipinas”?
Answer: Ruy Lopez de Villalobos
Ruy Lopez de Villalobos (1500-1544) named the archipelago in honor of Prince Philip of Asturias in 1544.
When did Dr. Jose Rizal die?
Answer: December 30, 1896
He was executed in Bagumbayan, now known as Rizal Park, by the Spaniards for his alleged part in the Philippine Revolution of 1896.
When was Manuel L. Quezon inaugurated?
Answer: November 15, 1935
He was the first President of the Commonwealth.
When did Corregidor fall into the hands of the Japanese?
Answer: May 6, 1942
The fall of Corregidor ended organized resistance against the Japanese occupation.
When did the Japanese attack the Philippines?
Answer: December 8, 1941
The Philippines was attacked - the day after Pearl Harbor - because it was an American colony.
When did Bataan fall into the hands of the Japanese?
Answer: April 9, 1942
The people who surrendered were forced to march from Mariveles, Bataan to San Fernando, Pampanga, without food or water. Some of them even drank from canals!This horrific event became known as the Bataan Death March.
Who was the third and last military governor of the Philippines?
Answer: General Arthur MacArthur
General Arthur MacArthur was the father of General Douglas MacArthur.
When did a civilian government replace the military government?
Answer: July 4, 1901
William H. Taft was the first civil governor, a title which was later changed to governor-general.
Who proposed the idea of the Philippine Autonomy Act?
Answer: William Atkinson Jones
It is also called Jones Law of 1916. In the introduction of the Jones Law, it said that the US would relinquish its powers once a stable government is established. Thank you for playing my quiz!
What was the first book published in the Philippines?
Answer: Doctrina Christiana
This book was published during the Spanish period and contains prayers and some religious acts and beliefs that all Catholics should follow.
Who fought the Spanish government because the government did not give a formal funeral ceremony for his brother?
Answer: Francisco Dagohoy
The ceremony was denied by the frailes (Spanish priest) because the brother of Dagohoy was accused of being an enemy of the Church.
During the Japanese occupation of the Philippines, a Filipino president was appointed by the Japanese. Who was he?
Answer: Jose P. Laurel Sr.
It was run by the Japanese and was of course a puppet government.
What term was used for those women who were used by Japanese soldiers to gratify their lust?
Answer: comfort women
“Comfort Women” was derived from the word ‘comfort room’ where Japanese soldiers satisfied their lust.
Which of these was a US president during the ‘American Era’ in the Philippines?
Answer: Franklin Roosevelt
It was Roosevelt who granted the Philippines a “Commonwealth Government”.
On 1901, an institution was established by the Americans for aspiring educators. What is the present name of this institution?
Answer: Philippine Normal University
This institution was first named “Philippine Normal School” and then “Philippine Normal College”. An act signed by former President Aquino granted the school’s university status.
From which language is the Filipino vernacular largely derived?
Answer: Tagalog
Almost 65% of the total population of the Philippines that use Tagalog in communication.
When did the original Edsa (People’s Power) Revolution begin?
Answer: February 22, 1986
This massive action by the Filipinos was made through the effort of Fidel V. Ramos and Juan Ponce Enrile (they are both secretaries on Marcos cabinet) and were backed by Cardinal Sin. The Edsa Revolution overthrew President Ferdinand Marcos.
What place in the Philippines is also known as the “walled city”?
Answer: Intramuros
It was built by the Spaniards and only whites (and certain others classed as whites), were allowed to live there in Spanish colonial times. It was completely destroyed during the World War II but has been rebuilt and is considered one of the famous tourist attractions in the Philippines.
What act is also known as the “Martial Law” act?
Answer: Proclamation 1081
This dictatorial proclamation made in September 1972 sparked off a revolution and chaos. It gave the President the wide ranging powers including the right to nominate his successor.
The First Republic of the Philippines was established during which war?
Answer: Philippine-American War
Emilio Aguinaldo, the very first Philippine President, ruled from 1898 to 1901 in Malolos, Bulacan. The conflict between the First Republic and the United States of America had started the “Philippine-American War” or also called “Philippine Insurrection”. This war had lasted for three years (1899-1902).
Who won the first Philippine National Presidential Election?
Answer: Manuel Luis Quezon
The first Philippine President of the Commonwealth and the “Father of the Philippine language”, Manuel L. Quezon (1935-1944) was recognized by the US after the Philippines gained self-government in 1916. He won the elections in 1935 against First Republic President Emilio Aguinaldo and Bishop Gregorio Aglipay.
During the World War II, the “Puppet Government” (Second Republic) was set up in the Philippines during Japan’s occupation of the country. The name of the lawyer-politician appointed by the Japanese was Sergio Osmeña.
T/F
Answer: False
1941-1945: World War II affected not only the Philippines but also the Allied and Axis Powers around the world. Sergio Osmeña was the First Vice President of the Philippines (1935-1944) before he became the successor to Manuel L. Quezon, who died of tuberculosis in New York.
Jose P. Laurel’s presidency had put him in danger because of his collaboration with the Japanese. He was selected by the National Assembly to serve as the 3rd President of the Philippines, but he was nearly shot.
Manuel Roxas became the last Commonwealth President before the Philippines gained independence from United States.
T/F
Answer: True
The successor to Sergio Osmeña as the third and last Commonwealth President, Manuel Roxas served the Commonwealth for only 37 days (28th of May - 4th of July 1946). He became the President of the Third Republic of the Philippines on July 4, 1946 until his death in 1948.
This late lawyer-politician from Ilocos had served two Republics, and the longest seated President of the Philippines. His name was ___________.
Answer: Ferdinand Marcos
He served 21 years as the President until “People Power Revolution” in February 1986. He was the 6th President of the Third Republic (1969-1973), First Prime Minister/New Society President (1978-1981), and also the First President of the 4th Republic (1981-1986) of the Philippines.
This former Senator, Benigno “Ninoy” Aquino was shot at Manila International Airport after seven years in exile. When did this assassination happened?
Answer: 21st of August 1983
The late Senator Benigno “Ninoy” Aquino’s death had shocked the whole Philippines because of the assasination in Manila Internation Airport. Almost 2 million people came to express their condolences to his family. The 21st of August is now a national holiday in the Philippines.
1986: Three years after Benigno “Ninoy” Aquino’s death, the battle cries of the nation had changed. The Filipinos protested in the streets using prayers and flowers, instead of knives and guns. What was the name of this revolution?
Answer: EDSA
Despite Marcos winning against Ninoy’s widow, Corazon Aquino, some of his supporters said that the results of the February 7 snap election were unreliable because of malpractice.
Two of the officials, former President Fidel Ramos (Vice Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces) and Senator Juan Ponce Enrile (Minister of Defense), had supported Ninoy’s widow as the victorious president. The late Manila Archbishop Jaime Cardinal Sin, had also supported these officials and called the nation to support the movement for change, via Radio Veritas.
Two significant events happened on this day in Philippine history: 1. The revolution ended when the former president and his family fled to the United States. 2. Corazon Aquino and Salvador Laurel were sworn in as President and Vice-President, respectively. Which day was it?
Answer: 25th February 1986
On the morning of February 25, 1986, Corazon Aquino and Salvador Laurel took their oaths as President and Vice-President on the same day in the Club Filipino, San Juan in the presence of Supreme Court Associate Justice Claudio Teehankee. President Marcos fled to the US on the same day and stayed in exile until his death in 1989.
Former film actor-politician Joseph “Erap” Estrada was also ousted by the following revolt of People Power, called EDSA 2 in 2001. He faced the impeachment trial for which of these violations?
T/F
Answer: All of these are true
Former President Joseph Estrada, was the first President to face and to lose from the impeachment trial on-air.
2000: Some of the senators were accusing the President for receiving millions of Pesos from the operations of “jueteng”. This expose had widespread to open the impeachment trial against President Estrada.
January 2001: Most of the senators voted “NO” for opening the confidential documents for the “Jose Velarde” account. People, including the People Power 1 advocates, went to EDSA (abbreviation for “Epipanio de los Santos”) Shrine to protest against President Estrada that lasted for 4 days.
Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, the President after the 2001 People Power Revolution, had also faced controversies regarding her administration status. One of these was in regard to the elections in May 2004.
Answer: Hello Garci Scandal
Mrs. Arroyo and former Commission on Elections Chairman Virgilio “Garci” Garcillano were both involved in “Hello Garci” Scandal because of the wiretapped conversation between them. There were some attempts to impeach the President many times from 2005, but they failed.
The Rizal family had 11 siblings, of whom Rizal was the seventh. One of his siblings died early and is said to have been Rizal’s ‘first sorrow’. Who was this sibling?
Answer: Concepcion
Concepcion’s nickname was Concha. She died at the age of three in 1865.
When Rizal excelled as a top student at Ateneo de Manila, a school administered by the Jesuit priests, he loved reading books and novels. Among other books, he read a novel by Alexander Dumas. This was the first novel that he really loved. What was it?
Answer: The Count of Monte Cristo
This novel made a great impression on him. Some readers say that the “El Filibusterismo”, Rizal’s second novel, was a Filipino version of the Dumas novel.
While at the Ateneo, Rizal met his first love. She was a pretty fourteen-year old Batangueña. Who was she?
Answer: Segunda Katigbak
Rizal described Segunda Katigbak as small and rosy-cheeked, with an enchanting smile.
When Rizal decided to travel to Europe, specifically Spain, in order to study medicine he also had another aim. What is it?
Answer: To observe European culture
In addition to being a medical student, he observed and studied European culture to prepare himself for the task of liberating his country from the Spaniards.
