PHI 112-Test 2, Part 1-Value & Quest for Good Flashcards
Intrinsic goods
good because of their nature and not derived from other goods
Instrumental goods
They are effective means of attaining our Intrinsic goods. They are “good” only as far as they serve our other goods (intrinsic). As a result, they are “instrumentally” good. They are an “instrument” (tool) we use to get something else.
Define Sensualism
The view that equates all pleasure with sensual enjoyment
Define Satisfactionalism
The view that equates all pleasure with satisfaction or enjoyment.
Who was Plato?
Taught that the good was the highest form, ineffable, godlike, independent, and knowable only after a protracted education in philosophy. He argued that values are OBJECTIVE.
Who was G.E. Moore?
Claims that good is a simple, unanalyzable quality, such as the color yellow, but one that must be known through intuition
Define Weaker Objectivism
Treat values as emergent properties, or qualities in the nature of things.
Who was Ralph Barton Perry?
An American pragmatist who states that value is simply the object of interest. So, values are SUBJECTIVE.
Know the Objectivist response to the SUBJECTIVIST view of values.
Responds that we can separate the Good from what one desires.
What is the main question to answer about relation of value to morality?
How are these forms of life justified?
Define Subjectivists
The individual’s norms.
What is the combination view of John Rawls?
The combination view incorprates both aspects of objectivism and subjectivism views of values.
Explain action in the happy life
We want to feel accomplished to do something, not have anything handed down to us.
Explain freedom in the happy life
We not only want to do things, but we also want to make our own choices.
Explain character in the happy life
We want to be someone
