PHI 112-Test 1, Part 2-Relativism

Question 1

Know the difference between ethical situationalism and ethical relativism.

Answer 1

Ethical Situationalism - Objective moral principles are to be APPLIED differently in different contexts. Ethical Relativism: moral principles AND their application are relative to the individual (subjectivism) and culture (conventionalism).

Question 2

Ethical relativism says that moral principles are merely…

Answer 2

Human inventions - there is NO universal morality. (And, this is “universally” true.)

Question 3

Pojman and Fieser (along with any philosopher) believe that we must use _____________________ to derive moral principles.

Answer 3

Critical reason.

Question 4

DEPENDENCY Thesis

Answer 4

Morality must be seen in a context that DEPENDS on the goals, wants, beliefs, history, and environment of the society in question.

Question 5

DIVERSITY Thesis

Answer 5

What is considered morally right and wrong VARIES (differs) from society to society, so there are NO universal moral standards held by all societies. (This opinion is “universally” true no matter what culture thinks.)