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Ph Ch 128 2nd Exam > Phenylpropanoids > Flashcards

Phenylpropanoids Flashcards

0
Q

Strengthening material for plant cell wall

A

Lignins

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1
Q

Free and partly esterified in storax, balsam Peru or Tolu, oil of cinnamon and coca leaves

A

Cinnamic acid

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2
Q

Formed by phenolic oxidative coupling of hydroxycinnamyl alcohol monomers brought about by PEROXIDASE ENZYMES

A

Lignins

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3
Q

3 most important alcohol monomers

A

4-hydroxycinnamyl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol, sinapyl alcohol

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4
Q

Plant type which polymerize mainly coniferyl alcohol

A

Gymnosperms

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5
Q

Plant type which polymerize coniferyl and sinapyl alcohol

A

Dicotyledons

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6
Q

Plant type which polymerize all 3 alcohol monomers

A

Monocotyledons

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7
Q

Dimers in which 2 phenylpropane units are coupled at central carbon of side chain

A

Lignans

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8
Q

Dimers of other types of coupling

A

Neolignans

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9
Q

3 pharmaceutically important lignans

A

Podophyllotoxin, enterolactone, enterodiol

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10
Q

Aryltetralin lactone derived from coniferyl alcohol via dibenzylbutyrolactones: matairesinol and yatein

A

Podophyllotoxin

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11
Q

Gives rise to matairesinol

A

(-)- Secoisolariciresinol

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12
Q

Prevent polymerization and assembly of microtubules which assist in chromosome separation (ito yung MOA)

A

Podophyllotoxin

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13
Q

Sources of podophyllotoxin

A

P. hexandrum (Indian) and P. pellatum (American) podophyllum

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14
Q

Used in treatment of small cell lung cancer, testicular cancer and lymphomas

A

Etoposide

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15
Q

Water-soluble pro-drug

A

Etopophos (etoposide 4-phosphate)

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16
Q

Anticancer with value in pediatric neuroblastoma

A

Teniposide

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17
Q

Derived from dietary plant lignans; have osteogenic activity

A

Enterolactone and enterodiol

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18
Q

Precursor of phenylpropanoids

A

Cinnamid acid

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19
Q

Volatile oils from shikimate pathway

A

Cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, myristicin, anethile, safrole (shikimol)

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20
Q

Principal component in oil from cinnamon bark

A

Cinnamaldehyde

21
Q

Transformed into cinnamaldehyde by enzymatic hydrolysis and oxidation

A

Cinnamyl acetate

22
Q

Used as dental analgesic and flavoring

A

Eugenol

23
Q

Used as flavoring and hallucinogenic

A

Myristicin

24
Q

Main component in oils from aniseed, star anise, and fennel

A

Anethole

25
Q

Main constituent of sassafras oil; genotoxic and carcinogenic

A

Safrole or shikimol

26
Q

Benzoic acids from C6C3 compounds

A

Vanillin, salicylic acid, salicin, methyl salicylate

27
Q

Used as detecting agent in chromatography together with sulfuric acid

A

Vanillin

28
Q

Source of vanillin

A

Vanilla planifolia (Fam. Orchidaceae)

29
Q

Synthesized in microorganisms from isochorismic acid and in plants via hydroxylation of benzoic acid and side chain cleavage of 2-coumaric acid

A

Salicylic acid

30
Q

Salicyl alcohol dervi. and not from salicylic acid; analgesic and antipryretic; template for ASA synthesis

A

Salicin

31
Q

Source of salicin

A

Salix sp. (Fam. Salicaceae) - willow

32
Q

Principal component of oil in wintergreen; deriv of salicylic acid SAM-dependent methylation; analgesic

A

Methyl salicylate

33
Q

Cinnamic acid lactone derivative

A

Coumarin

34
Q

Formed by hydroxylation of cinnamic acid ortho to the side chain

A

Coumarin

35
Q

Source of coumarin; responsible for smell of new mown hay

A

Sweet clover, Melilotus officinalis (Fam. Fabaceae)

36
Q

Liberated as a result of enzymic hydrolysis and lactonization of glucosides: (E)- and (Z)-2-coumaric acid

A

Coumarin

37
Q

Formed in fermentation of sweet clover by action of microorganisms on 2-coumaric acid

A

4-hydroxycoumarin

38
Q

Other name for dicoumarol

A

Bishydroxycoumarin

39
Q

Forerunner of the warfarin grp of medicinal anticoagulants; interferes with vit K in blood coagulation

A

Dicoumarol

40
Q

Coumarin with furan ring

A

Furanocoumarins

41
Q

Linear furanocoumarins

A

Psoralen, bergapten, xanthotoxin, isopimpinellin

42
Q

Sources of psoralens

A

Rue (Ruta graveolens, Rutaceae) and giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum, Apiaceae)

43
Q

Synthesized as a response to fungal infection of plant with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

A

Psoralens

44
Q

Component of bergamot oil; used in external suntan preparations

A

Bergapten

45
Q

Other name for xanthotoxin

A

Methoxsalen

46
Q

Used for vitiligo

A

Methoxsalen

47
Q

Treatment by methoxsalen followed by long wave UV irradiation

A

PUVA (psoralens + UV-A)

48
Q

Inhibit DNA replication

A

PUVA

49
Q

More absorption of UV light for suntan

A

Psoralens

Ph Ch 128 2nd Exam (7 decks)

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