Phenomenological Model Flashcards
Who was originally a child clinician?
Carl Rogers
What is the main assumption of Phenomenology?
An individual’s behavior is completely determined by his or her phenomenal field, or everything that is experienced by the person at any given point in time
Who is the Phenomenal Self?
Me
What are the theoretical propositions?
- Client as the experiential center
- Reliance on self reporting
- Self actualization: basic human tendency toward maintaining and improving oneself
- Behavior = goal directed attempts to satisfy need
What is the “self” in terms of the phenomenological model?
awareness of one’s being and functioning
What are the three possibilities following an experience?
- Symbolized into some relationship to self
- Ignored because it is irrelevant to self
- Denied/distorted because it is inconsistent to self
What are the principal conditions?
- Complete absence of threat to self
2. Rationale for atmosphere of client-centered therapy
What are the rationales for atmosphere of client-centered therapy?
- Warm
- Accepting
- Permitting
What are the features of client-centered therapy?
- Empathy
- Unconditional positive regard
- Congruence
- Attitude vs. technique
What are the characteristics of the client-centered therapy?
- Acceptance
- Recognition
- Clarification
- Structuring
What is the client-centered therapy NOT?
- Advice & information
- Reassurance & persuasion
- Questioning & interpreting
What is empathy?
- Understanding
- Genuine, deep regard
- Basis for therapeutic relationship
What is the unconditional positive regard?
- Respect as a human being
2. Complete lack of judgment
What is the congruence?
- Expression of behavior, feelings, or attitudes stimulated by client
- Clients respond favorably to genuineness
- Open honesty
What is the attitude vs. technique?
- State of mind, not a set of techniques
- Non-directive, allow for client self discovery
- Self-fulfillment and health emphasized over destructive nature
- Experience over empirical
How many stages of client-centered therapy are there?
7
What are the stages of client-centered therapy?
Stage 1 * Unwillingness to reveal self * Rigid constructs Stage 2 * Some description of feelings * Still remote from self Stage 3 * Free flow expression of self * Questioning of construct validity Stage 4 * Free description of feeling of self * Loosening of personal constructs * Beginnings of self responsibility Stage 5 * Free expression & acceptance * Desire to be what one is Stage 6 * Acceptance of feelings, no denial * Risking relationships & acceptance Stage 7 * Experiencing self fully * Little incongruence * Checking validity of experience
What is the diagnosis?
- Deemphasized/ avoided
- Impedes autonomy and self-actualization
- This assumption needs scientific support - Focused on feelings themselves, not whether feelings are “correct”
What is the humanistic-perspective?
- Free choice & self actualization
- Unified, whole, unique beings
- Emphasis on health, not on sickness
- Embrace essential humanity
What is the existential therapy?
- Search for a meaning
- Philosophically rooted
- Moving away from conformity
- Social context
- Inevitable choices
What are the key factors in the humanistic-existential movement?
- Humanistic Perspective
2. Existential therapy
What are the goals of the humanistic perspective therapies?
- Responsible decision making
- Self awareness
- Exercising cognitive abilities
- Accepting responsibility
What is logotherapy?
- Search for meaning in the meaningless
- Present and future outlook
- Paradoxical intention: technique in which the client is told to consciously attempt to perform the very behavior or response that is the object of anxiety and concern
- De-reflection: instructs the client to ignore a troublesome behavior or symptom
What is the Gestalt therapy?
- Emphasis on the present
- Emotional connection with the self
- Balance with the “unrealities”
- Heterogeneous mix of techniques and ideas
