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A-Level OCR A Chemistry - 6A Aromatic compounds > Phenol > Flashcards

Phenol Flashcards

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1
Q

What is phenol?

A

A benzene ring with a hydroxyl group attached

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2
Q

How do you name a phenol?

A

1 OH - phenol, more than 1 requires the suffix -ol

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3
Q

What is the appearance of phenol at TP?

A

Sickly sweet odour and is a pink solid at room temperature

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4
Q

What is the solubility of phenol in water?

A

It is partially

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5
Q

What can phenols react with?

A

Metals and strong bases, such as metal hydroxides

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6
Q

What can phenols not react with?

A

Weak bases, such as metal carbonates

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7
Q

Why can’t phenol react with everything?

A

They are very weak acids

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8
Q

What is formed when a phenol reacts?

A

Phenoxides

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9
Q

By which mechanism do phenols react?

A

By electrophilic substitution

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10
Q

How do phenols react?

A

Easily at RTP without a halogen carrier catalyst and multiple substitutions occur

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11
Q

What reaction of phenol can be used as a chemical test?

A

Phenol and bromine

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12
Q

What is the equation between phenol and bromine?

A

Phenol + 3Br2 -> 2,4,6 - tribromophenol + 3HBr

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13
Q

Why does phenol react with bromine in an odd way?

A

It doesn’t undergo electrophilic addition so the pi bonding is the benzene ring is very hard to break

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14
Q

What is the pattern of reaction between benzene and phenol?

A

Phenol is more reactive

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15
Q

Why is phenol more reactive than benzene?

A

One lone pair from oxygen is donated so it is more electron dense

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16
Q

Why can phenol react with bromine?

A

The ring becomes electron dense enough that it can polarise the bromine molecule

17
Q

What is the reaction of phenol + nitric acid?

A

Phenol + dilute HNO3 -> 2-nitrophenol / 4-nitrophenol + water

18
Q

What is the effect of water solubility on phenol when the water is warm?

A

It is more soluble

19
Q

What happens hen you add sodium hydroxide to phenol in water?

A

Phenol dissolves

20
Q

What happens when you add sodium carbonate to phenol in water?

A

No apparent reactions

21
Q

What happens when you add bromine water to solid phenol?

A

Bromine water decolourises and a white precipitate is formed

A-Level OCR A Chemistry - 6A Aromatic compounds (6 decks)

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