Phase I POMA Flashcards
what are the three components of POMA
database (history, physical exam, tests), assessment (immediacy, localization, problem list, DDx), plans (diagnostic, treatment)
problem list is included in what part of POMA
assessment
T/F problem list includes past and current diagnoses
true
problem lists should be organized in order of
priority (most at top, inactive at bottom)
broad categories of disease (1 of each)
D (degenerative, developmental)
A (autologous, autoimmune, accidental)
M (metabolic, mechanical)
N (nutritional, neoplastic)
I (iatrogenic, infectious, inflammatory, ischemic, idiopathic)
T (trauma, toxic)
Diagnostic tests are part of both
database and plans
what is the prognosis
forecast of the outcome; includes survival, function, QOL, with what intervention, financial and logistical concerns for the owner
anorexia vs hyporexia vs dysrexia
anorexia: loss in appetite
hyporexia: decrease in appetite
dysrexia: change in food preference
what are the most important physical exam findings to consider for patients with anorexia
palpate to determine if it is within the gastrointestinal tract, paying attention for foreign bodies; full oral exam, especially under the tongue for cats; neurological and orthopedic exam; also key to get an accurate weight and record it
what are the most important physical exam findings to consider for patients with weight loss
abdominal palpation, full oral exam, neurologic and orthopedic exam (same as for anorexia), get an accurate weight
ALSO
body condition score, muscle condition score, fecal score if possible
what is TLI? what is it used for?
trypsin-like immunoreactivity; test for diagnosing exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in dogs (cTLI) and cats (fTLI)
what is an important test for diagnosing pancreatitis
pancreatic lipase: cPL and fPL
if testing for EPI, what is important to measure (2)
TLI and serum cobalamin (B12)
it is very common for dogs and cats to be low in __________ if they have EPI
serum cobalamin
cutaneous/subcutaneous masses are ________ in dogs and ___________ in cats
common in dogs; uncommon in cats
what are important physical exam findings for patients with masses
characterization of mass (size, shape, location, depth, ulceration, how movable); examination of local lymph nodes; complete physical exam (as always)
what is the 1-2-3 rule
has it been present for over 1 month; has it doubled in size since it was discovered; is it 3cm or more in diameter
what are diagnostic tools for a mass
FNA; incisional biopsy; excisional biopsy
what is a lipoma
benign tumour of adipocytes; subcutaneous; movable; nonpainful; often soft; may interfere with movement
what are diagnostic options for lameness
radiographs, CT, MRI, arthrocentesis, CBC/biochem/urinalysis/serology for specific diseases, arthroscopy, biopsy
name some treatment options for DJD/osteoarthritis
nutritional supplements (chondroitin, glucosamine, prescription diets), exercise modification, support of cartilage and joint health, NSAIDs, weight loss, rehab/physical therapy/exercise program
what is pruritis
a sensation that triggers the need to scratch, lick, rub or chew at the skin
what is alopecia
complete or partial loss of hair in an area where it is normally present
where are important places to look when a patient is pruritic or has alopecia
interdigital pad, ear canal (do they have otitis externa), whole body (not just location described by client)
what is important to look for when investigating pruritis or alopecia
pustules, papules, excoriations, moistness, redness, flea dirt; is the shaft broken or is the entire hair follicle gone
what are some treatment options for pruritis and alopeciua
antiparasitic medication or medication for otisis externa, food elimination trial, treatment of secondary bacterial or fungal infections, antipruritic medications (ex. cytopoint, prednisone, apoquel)
