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pathology topnotch phase 0 > Phase 1 Exam > Flashcards

Phase 1 Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Steps in Cell Adhesion (5)

A 
Margination
Rolling
Adhesion
Transmigration
Chemotaxis
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2
Q

Adhesion molecule in MARGINATION

A

NONE!

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3
Q

Adhesion molecule in ROLLING

A

Selectins, Sialyl Lewis X

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4
Q

Adhesion molecule in ADHESION

A

Integrins

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5
Q

Adhesion molecule in TRANSMIGRATION

A

PECAM/CD31

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6
Q

Adhesion molecule in CHEMOTAXIS

A

NONE!

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7
Q

chemoattractant to neutrophils, monocytes,
eosinophils, and basophils; activates LOX in PMNs and
monocytes (NAGTATAWAG)

A

C5a

BARKER

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8
Q

AUTOsomal DOMinant

A

Receptor/Structural Proteins

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9
Q

AUTOsomal RECessive

A

Enzymes

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10
Q

X-linked DOMinant

A

Only 2 usually

ALPORT syndrome
VITAMIN D Ricketssiae

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11
Q

Type 1 HSN

A

ALLERGY

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12
Q

Type 2 HSN

A

ANTIBODY (-mediated)

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13
Q

Type 3 HSN

A

immune COMPLEX

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14
Q

Type 4 HSN

A

MAST cells

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15
Q

MALIGNANT nomenclature

A

Carcinoma - EPIthelial
Lymphoma - HEMATOLYMPhoid
Sarcoma - MESENchymal
HEPATOMA

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16
Q

Lepromatous Leprosy is Lepromin (+) or (-)?

A

NEGATIVE because there’s no CMI

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17
Q

Vitamin D Deficiency in CHILDREN

A

RICKETS

AMBULATING:
Craniotabes, , Pigeon breast
deformity (pectus carinatum), rachitic
rosary

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18
Q

Vitamin D Deficiency in ADULTS

A

Osteomalacia

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19
Q

Mass that crosses

midline

A

neuroBLASToma

(Sabog, lumagpas)

Wilms’ Tumor - does not cross midline. RENAL symptoms

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20
Q

Atherogenesis

A

Hypercholesterolemia

Hemodynamic disturbances

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21
Q

LESS PROMINENT FIBRINOID NECROSIS

A

KAWASAKI

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22
Q

1-3 days of MI

A

Acute inflammation (PMNs)

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23
Q

RHD

A

Aschoff bodies

24
Q

Subacute IE etiology

A

viridans streptococci
HACEK

Diseased valves

25
Q

Acute IE

A

S. aureus

IV Drug users

26
Q

AML

myeloid precursors

A

neutrophils, granulocytes, platelets

27
Q

Hodgkin Lymphoma Immunophenotype

A

CD30

CD15

28
Q

Status asthmaticus histology

A

Curschmann spirals

Charcot-LEYDEN crystals

29
Q

Keratin Pearl Formation

Intercellular bridges

A

SCC (SQUAMOUS CELL)

WELL-differentiated

30
Q

Signet-ring cells is associated with what type of Gastric AdenoCA

A

DIFFUSE INFILTRATIVE (Left colon)

vs

Intestinal (Right colon)

31
Q

Crohn’s Disease Hallmark

A

SKIP lesions
TRANSmural
DEEP, KNIFE-like ulcers
MARKED reactions

Pero not TOXIC megacolon and not always MALIGNANT (if with colonic involvement lang)

32
Q

Mucosal invaginations in CHRONIC cholecystitis

A

Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses

33
Q

CA 19-9

A

PANCREATIC CA

34
Q

CA 15-3

A

BREAST

35
Q

AFP`

A

Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Yolk-Sac Tumor

36
Q

CEA

A

Colorectal Carcinoma

37
Q

Tram-track appearance

A

MPGN (Membranous Proliferative Glomerulonephritis)

38
Q

Triad of Renal Cell Carcinoma

A

Flank Pain
Hematuria
Mass (Renal)

39
Q

Most common type of RCC

A

Clear Cell Carcinoma

ASSOC with VHL (Von-Hippel Lindau)

40
Q

Absence of one or both testes from the scrotum

A

Cryptorchidism

Krypto - hidden

MC birth defect of Male GT

Can it present contralaterally?
YES!

41
Q

CD30

A

Embryonal Carcinoma

42
Q

PLAP

A

SEMINOMA!

43
Q

Normal PSA

A

0-4 ng/mL

44
Q

HPV genes: E7 affects?

A

Rb (TSG) –> Cellular proliferation

45
Q

HPV genes: E6 affects?

A

p53 inactivation –> activation of telomerase –> cellular immortality

5 + 3 = 8
Same sila na even number! :)

46
Q

MC malignancy of Female GT

A

Endometrial Carcinoma

47
Q

ER(+) HER2(-)

A

LUMINAL

Most common

Tx: Tamoxifen

48
Q

ER,PR (-/+) HER (+)

A

HER2-Enriched

Tx: Trastuzumab

49
Q

ER (-) PR (-)

A

Basal (Triple Neg)

50
Q

Most common invasive cancer in humans

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Pearly papules with telangiectasia

51
Q

Second most common tumor arising on sun-exposed sites in older people

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Metastases more COMMON

52
Q

Codman’s triangle and Sunburst appearance is associated with

A

OSTEOSARCOMA

Lace-like pattern

53
Q

Tumor of skeletal muscle differentiation

A

Sarcoma botyroides

Common in young

RHABDOMYOBLASTS

54
Q

Glioblastoma is characterized by? (2)

A
  1. NECROSIS

2. ENDOTHELIAL CELL PROLIFERATION

55
Q

Most common primary intraocular malignancy in children

A

RETINOBLASTOMA

pathology topnotch phase 0 (6 decks)

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