Pharynx & Larynx Flashcards
the internal laryngeal nerve travels with the
superior laryngeal artery
the laryngeal vestibule innervated by the
internal laryngeal n
Continuation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve at the inferior border of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor
Inferior laryngeal nerve
characteristics of the laminate of the cricoid cartilage
posterior and taller
Fine (minute) control of tension / relaxation
Vocalis muscle
In the pharyngeal wall posterosuperior to pharyngeal recess
where is it?
pharyngeal tonsils ; nasopharynx
laryngeal opening
where is it?
Aditus ; Laryngopharynx
the palatopharyngeal fold is part of the
oropharynx
The recurrent laryngeal nerve dives deep to_________ (and changes names to inferior laryngeal nerve)
inferior pharyngeal constrictor
the mucosa of the oropharynx is innervated by CN
IX
midline prominence from the union of the right & left laminae
Laryngeal prominence
What constrictor courses from greater & lesser horns of hyoid and stylohyoid ligament to the pharyngeal raphe
Middle pharyngeal constrictor
Courses from lateral aspect of cricoid cartilage to the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage
Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle
Fills gap between epiglottis & arytenoid cartilage
Quadrangular membrane
attachment of stylopharyngeus muscle and thyrohyoid ligament
Superior horn
posterior to oral cavity; inferior to soft palate & superior to upper border of epiglottis
oropharynx
Between aditus (laryngeal inlet) & vestibular fold
vestibule
the Internal laryngeal nerve
supplies what 2 things
laryngeal vestibule & laryngopharynx
ONLY ABDUCTOR of the vocal folds AND opens the rima glottidis
Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle
What constrictor courses from pterygomandibular raphe & pterygoid hamulus to pharyngeal tubercle & pharyngeal raphe
Superior pharyngeal constrictor
Fills gap between hyoid and superior border of thyroid cartilage
Thyrohyoid membrane
What constrictor courses from the oblique line of thyroid cartilage & cricoid cartilage to pharyngeal raphe
Inferior pharyngeal constrictor
Regarding the quadrangular membrane:
Superior free edge forms the
aryepiglottic fold
the External laryngeal nerve is ______ only
motor
Fills gap superior to cricoid cartilage
conus elasticus
epiglottis is attached to internal (deep) aspect of the _______ cartilage inferiorly
thyroid
Adductor of the vocal folds
Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle
the ________ cartilage sits superior to the cricoid lamina
arytenoid
Courses from the lamina of the cricoid cartilage to the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage
Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle
These are in what constrictor:
Internal laryngeal n and superior laryngeal a/v travels between middle & inferior constrictors
Middle pharyngeal constrictor
Only laryngeal muscle located on the anterior aspect
Cricothyroid muscle
regarding the conus elasticus:
Superior free edge forms the
vocal ligament
the infraglottic space / cavity is innervated by the
inferior laryngeal n
Relaxer of vocal fold
Thyro-arytenoid muscle
Courses from soft palate and blends with pharyngeal wall
Palatopharyngeus
the epiglottis is tethered to the tongue via the
median & lateral glosso-epiglottic folds
the epiglottis lies anterior to the
laryngeal inlet
the laryngopharynx is Innervated by the
internal laryngeal nerve
(CN X)
connection between inferior border of thyroid cartilage & superior border of cricoid cartilage
Median cricothyroid ligament
Tilts the thyroid cartilage antero-inferiorly which tenses the vocal ligament (changes the pitch)
Cricothyroid muscle
Layers of posterior wall (anterior to posterior)
OR
Lateral Wall (medial to lateral)
Mucosa
Pharyngobasilar fascia
Pharyngeal muscles
Buccopharyngeal fascia
the oropharynx communicates with oral cavity through the _______ of the _______ (oropharyngeal isthmus)
isthmus ; fauces
the Internal laryngeal nerve
is ______ only
sensory
the inferior laryngeal nerve is MOTOR to all _________ except ________
intrinsic laryngeal muscles ; cricothyroid
the internal pharynx is subdivided into
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
the thyrohyoid membrane is pierced by __________ nerve & _________ artery
internal laryngeal ; superior laryngeal
the median and lateral glosso-epiglottic folds are in the
oropharynx
the External laryngeal nerve innervates the
cricothyroid muscle
Courses from the internal surface of the thyroid cartilage to the muscular process of the arytenoid & ary-epiglottic fold
Thyro-arytenoid muscle
characteristics of the arch of the cricoid cartilage
anterior & shorter
the salpinopharyngeal fold extends inferiorly from posterior edge of
torus tubarius
valleculae are in the
oropharynx
Adductor of vocal folds
Arytenoid muscles (transverse & oblique)
Course from one arytenoid cartilage to the other
Arytenoid muscles (transverse & oblique)
the mucosa of the nasopharynx innervated primarily by
CN V2 (pharyngeal branch)
Blunt end of the auditory tube covered by mucosa
torus tubarius
What contributes to elevation of the larynx during swallowing
Stylopharyngeus
Space between vestibular & vocal folds
ventricle
the tonsillar bed/sinus/fossa and palatine tonsils are in the
oropharynx
Courses from vocal process of arytenoid cartilage & attaches along the length of the vocal ligament
Vocalis muscle
Courses from styloid process and attaches to superior horn of thyroid cartilage
Stylopharyngeus
the opening of auditory (pharyngotympanic) tube is located in the
nasopharynx
doorway between nasal cavity & nasopharynx
where is it located
Choana ; nasopharynx
the _______ lies between palatoglossal & palatopharyngeal folds
oropharynx
Between vocal fold & lower border of cricoid cartilage
Infraglottic space / cavity
the internal laryngeal nerve is involves in _______ to epiglottis but its considered very minor and is not clinically relevant
taste
Passes in between the superior & middle pharyngeal constrictor muscles
Stylopharyngeus
All pharyngeal muscles are innervated by __________ except stylopharyngeus (CN IX)
pharyngeal nerve of CN X
the Inferior laryngeal nerve
is sensory to the
infraglottic cavity
regarding the conus elasticus:
It anteriorly blends with the median
cricothyroid ligament
posterior to nasal cavity; superior to soft plate
nasopharynx
connection between hyoid bone & superior border of thyroid cartilage
Thyrohyoid ligament / membrane
Muscular process projects laterally =
attachment of laryngeal muscles
where are the tubal tonsils located
nasopharynx
Courses from lateral surface of cricoid cartilage to the inferior border of thyroid cartilage
Cricothyroid muscle
False vocal fold
Vestibular fold
These are in what constrictor:
Stylopharyngeus m., CN IX, & stylohyoid ligament travel between the superior & middle constrictors
Superior pharyngeal constrictor
Courses from torus tubarius and blends with pharyngeal wall
Salpingopharyngeus
the inferior laryngeal nerve travels with the
inferior laryngeal artery
Salpingopharyngeus muscle covered by mucosa
salpinopharyngeal fold
Bounded by the thyroid cartilage (laterally) & cricoid cartilages (medially)
Where is it?
Piriform recess ; Laryngopharynx
Inferior horn articulates with
cricoid cartilage
Space posterosuperior to torus tubarius
where is it
pharyngeal tonsils ; nasopharynx
Regarding the quadrangular membrane:
Inferior free edge forms
vestibular ligament (false vocal ligament)
posterior to larynx; inferior to upper border of epiglottis & superior to the level of the cricoid cartilage
laryngopharynx
Vocal process projects anteriorly =
attachment of vocal ligament
