Pharynx And Larynx Flashcards
Nasopharynx is posterior to… and superior to…
Nose
Soft palate
Oropharynx is
Posterior to the mouth
Laryngopharynx is
Posterior to the larynx
What is the function of the nasopharynx
What allows nose to open into the nasopharnyx
Respiratory function
Choanae- pharyngeal tonsils
What are the 3 constrictors of the pharyngeal
Superior
Middle
Inferior
Superior constrictor is located
Above the hyoid bone and behind the angle of the mandible
Middle constrictor is located
Level of the greater horn of the hyoid bone
What is coming down and inserting into the pharynx between the superior and middle?
Stylopharyngeus
Which is the largest constrictor and where is it located
Inferior
What is the function of the constrictor muscles
Propel food into the esophagus
Cricopharyngeus muscle is the
Inferior most portion of the inferior constrictor muscle
What are the two functions of the cricopharyngeus
- prevent air from entering into the esophagus during breathing
- prevent reflux of esophageal contents into the pharynx
What innervates the pharyngeal constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus
What two branches make up the superior laryngeal nerve
Internal and external branches
Which branch of superior laryngeal nerve is motor and which is sensory
External is motor
Internal is sensory to larynx
What is the internal nasopharynx lines with
Mucosa
What is the cartilage of tube covered in mucosa
Torus tubarius
What is on the posterior aspect of the tube
Salpingopharyngeal fold
What is anterior to the levator veli palatini
Tensor veli palatini
What is inferior to the levator veli palatini
Musculus uvulae
What is posterior to the levator veli palatini
Salpingopharyngeus
What muscles seal off the nasopharynx from oropharynx during swallowing
Levator and tensor veli palatini
Musculus uvulae
Salpingopharyngeus
What innervate these muscles?
Musculus uvulae
Salpingopharyngeus
CN X
Fauces are
Opening from the oral cavity to the oropharynx
Flounces bounds
Superiorly
Inferiorly
Laterally
Soft palate
Root of the tongue
Palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches
Where is the tonsil lab fossa located
Between the arches and houses (palatine tonsils)
How does the Laryngopharynx communicate with the larynx
Laryngeal inlet
What is the piriform fossa
Small depression on each side of the inlet
What underlies the piriform fossa
Superior and inferior laryngeal nerves
What is the job of the larynx (2)
Composed of how many diff cartilages
Voice production
Protect airways
Nine
What can close off the passage to the trachea
Vocal folds and conus elasticus
What is the rima glottis
Space between the vocal cords
What is anterior to the vestibule
Epiglottis
What has no roles in voice production just a protective role
Vestibular folds
What play a role in voice productions
Vocal folds
What make up the vocal folds (2)
Vocal ligaments and vocalis muscles
What cover the vocalis muscles
Mucous membranes
What are the intrinsic muscles innervated by
External branch of the superior laryngeal nerve
Other intristic muscles are innervated by inferior laryngeal nerve
List the steps of swallowing (3)
Stage 1– voluntary; bolus is compressed against the palate and pushed from the
mouth to the oropharynx, mainly by movements of the tongue and soft palate.
Stage 2– involuntary and rapid; soft palate is elevated, sealing off the nasopharynx
from the oropharynx and laryngopharynx. The pharynx widens and shortens to
receive the bolus of food as the suprahyoid muscles and longitudinal pharyngeal
muscles contract, elevating the larynx.
Stage 3– involuntary; sequential contraction of all three pharyngeal constrictor
muscles creates a peristaltic ridge that forces the bolus inferiorly into the
esophagus.
What blood supplies the pharynx (3)
Ascending pharyngeal
Ascending palatine and tonsillar branches
Maxiallary and lingual
Blood supply of the larynx (2)
Superior thyroid artery and superior laryngeal branch
Inferior thyroid artery and inferior laryngeal branch
Blood supply of the larynx (2)
Superior thyroid artery and superior laryngeal branch
What innervates the pharynx and the larynx (2)
Pharyngeal plexus : vagus nerve
