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LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy Exam 3 > Pharynx > Flashcards

Pharynx Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pharynx

A

muscular sac hanging from the base of the skull

common opening for air and food

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2
Q

What part of the pharynx will receive openings for oral cavity

A

oropharynx

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3
Q

What part of the pharyx will receive openings for larynx

A

laryngopharynx

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4
Q

What part of pharynx will receive openings for nasal cavity

A

nasopharynx

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5
Q

What marks the posterior wall of the pharynx

A

pharyngeal tubercle

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6
Q

Where does the pharynx insert laterall

A

cartilaginous portion of the pharyngotympanic tube

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7
Q

What are the cranial attachments of superior constrictor

A

medial pterydoid plate hamulus

pteygomandibular raphe

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8
Q

What are the attachments of the middle constrictors

A

stylohyoid ligament and hyoid bone

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9
Q

What are the attachments of the inferior constrictors

A

thyroid cartilage

cricoid cartilage

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10
Q

What muscles will attach to the oblique line of the thyroid cartilage

A

sternothyroid and thyrohyoid

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11
Q

What does the palatopharyngela sphincter differentiate

A

pharyngeal isthmus between the nasopharynx and oropharynx

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12
Q

What are the pharyngeal constrictor muscles innervated by

A

vagus CNX

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13
Q

What does the stylopharyngeus muscle span

A

styloid process to the gap between the superior and middle constrictors

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14
Q

What is stylopharyngeus muscle innervated by

A

CN IX: glossopharyngeal

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15
Q

Where does the Salpingopharyngeus muscle span

A

pharyngotympanic tube to the pharyngeal wall

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16
Q

What is salpingopharyngeus muscle innervated by

A

CNX

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17
Q

Where does the palatopharyngeus muscle span

A

soft palate to the pharyngeal wall

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18
Q

What is the palatopharyngeus muscle innervated by

A

CNX: vagus

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19
Q

What does the palatopharyngeus muscle form

A

palatopharyngeal arch

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20
Q

What are the longitudinal muscles of the pharyngeal wall

A

stylopharyngeus
salpingopharyngeus
palatopharyngeus

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21
Q

What are the functions of the stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, palatopharygeus muscles

A

elevate the pharynx

22
Q

What are the fascial layers that cover the pharyngeal wall

A 
buccopharyngeal fascia (outside)
pharyngobasilar fascia (inside)
23
Q

What are in between the buccopharyngeal and pharyngobasilar fascia

A

constrictor muscles

24
Q

How many gaps are seen in the pharyns

A

4

25
Q

Where does GAP 1 occur

A

superior to the superior constrictor

26
Q

Where does GAP 2 occur

A

between superior and middle constrictor

27
Q

Where does GAP 3 occur

A

between middle and inferior constrictor

28
Q

Where does GAP 4 occur

A

under the inferior constrictor

29
Q

Where is the nasopharynx found

A

behind the choanae above the soft palate

30
Q

What forms the ceiling of the nasopharyns

A

skull base (sphenoid and occipital bones)

31
Q

Where will the pharyngotympanic tube open

A

nasopharynx

32
Q

What is the torus tubarius

A

elevation by the cartilage of the pharyngotympanic tube

33
Q

What does the mucosa covering of the torus tubarius contain

A

tubarian tonsils

34
Q

What is contianed within the salpingopharyngeal fold

A

salpingopharyngeus muscle

35
Q

Where is the levator veli palatini contained

A

salpingopalatini gold

36
Q

What innervates levator veli palatini

A

Vagus

37
Q

Where is the oropharynx found

A

behind oral cavity

38
Q

What structures are found within the oropharyngeal isthmus

A

palatoglossal arch
palatine tonsils
palatopharyngeal arch

39
Q

What does the palatoglossal arch contain

A

palatoglossus muscle

40
Q

What does the palatopharyngeal arch contain

A

palatopharyngeus muscle

41
Q

Where is the lingual tonsil found

A

base of tongue

42
Q

Where are palatoglossal arches found

A

between soft palate and tongue

43
Q

What is the superior blood supply of the pharynx

A

ascending pharyngeal artery
Ascending palatine and tonsillary branches of facial
small branches of maxillary and lingual arteries

44
Q

What is the inferior blood supply of the pharyns

A

pharygeal branches of the inferior thyroid artery

45
Q

What causes most of the bleeding during tonsillectomy

A

ascending palatine and tonsillary branches

46
Q

Where will the pharyngeal venous plexus drain

A

superiorly: pterygoid plexus
inferiorly: facial and internal jugular veins

47
Q

What are the branches of the pharyngeal plexus that will supply motor and sensory info to the pharynx

A

external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (Vagus CNX)

pharyngeal branch (Glossopharyngeal CNIX)

48
Q

What nerve will supply sensory innervation to the nasopharynx

A

pharyngeal branch of the maxillary nerve (V2)

49
Q

What nerve will supply sensory innervation to the oropharynx

A

CNIX

50
Q

What nerve will supply sensory innervation to the laryngopharynx

A

CNX

51
Q

What nerves will provide the afferent and efferent limbs of the gag reflex

A

afferent CNIX

efferent CNX

52
Q

What is the course of the glossopharyngeal nerve around the pharynx

A

through the jugular foramen.
First on posterior surface of the stylopharyngeus then turns to the lateral surface of the muscle
Passes through the gap between superior and middle constrictors under the palatine tonsil
Reaches the poster aspect of the tongue

LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy Exam 3 (17 decks)

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