Pharmokinetics

Question 1

can some clearance occur in the active upstroke absorption?

Answer 1

YES

Question 2

where is most of the drug being absorbed?

Answer 2

upper GI tract

Question 3

pre-systemic extraction–> some of the drug is absorbed before reaching the systemic circulation

Answer 3

first-pass

Question 4

fraction of drug absorbed systemically after extravascular vs intravascular administration

Answer 4

systemic availability

Question 5

low bioavalability

Answer 5

1. first pass effect

2. poor absorption

Question 6

peak plasma concentration

Answer 6

Cmax

Question 7

time of peak concentration

Answer 7

Tmax

Question 8

area under the plasma concentration curve

Answer 8

AUC

Question 9

allows us to make assumptions in the body about how the drug is acting in the body

Answer 9

volume of distribution

Question 10

Dose/ [plasma]

Answer 10

volume of distribution

Question 11

F

Answer 11

bioavailability

Question 12

one time dose to achieve effects faster

Answer 12

loading dose

Question 13

total volume of plasma from which drug is completely removed per unit time

Answer 13

clearance

Question 14

steady state concentration

Answer 14

the amount of drug being absorbed vs the amount of drug being cleared

Question 15

blood flow to clearing organ

Answer 15

Q

Question 16

extraction ratio of that organ

Answer 16

E

Question 17

why with an oral dose, the drug does not appear immediately in the blood?

Answer 17

lag time

Question 18

bioavailability with oral dose

Answer 18

decreases

Question 19

assume dose spreads across a volume at a constant concentration

Answer 19

one-compartment model

Question 20

dose spreads to certain areas first before spreading throughout body

Answer 20

two-compartment model

Question 21

getting rid of a certain amount of drug in all of the volume

Answer 21

elimination

Question 22

getting rid of all of the drug in a certain amount of volume

Answer 22

clearance

Question 23

clearance is in units of

Answer 23

volume / time

Question 24

if we want to consider the fraction of total drug volume that we have cleared we use

Answer 24

k= clearance / Vd

Question 25

assessment of kidney function

Answer 25

24hr urine creatinine collection or estimate based on serum creatinine

Question 26

alcohol follows

Answer 26

first-order behavior

Question 27

steady state depends on

Answer 27

half-life

Question 28

does a higher dose reach steady state faster than a lower dose of the same drug?

Answer 28

NO, they reach steady state at the same time because half-life is the same

Question 29

at steady state the rate of drug administration =

Answer 29

rate of drug elimination