Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

CPR 2 Exam 2 > Pharmocology Asthma And COPD - Dr. Izsard > Flashcards

Pharmocology Asthma And COPD - Dr. Izsard Flashcards

1
Q

3 types of bronchodilators

A
  1. B2 agonist
  2. Muscarinic antagonist (Anticholinergic)
  3. Methylxanthines
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

2 drugs increasing cAMP to bronchodilate

A

B2 blocker albuterol

Theophylline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Albuterol is what and clinical use

A

SABA

Asthma and COPD, acute bronchitis, Bronchiolitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Albuterol contraindications

A

Paradoxical bronchospasms
Deterioration of asthma
CV effects
Hypersensitivity reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Terbutaline is what and clinical use

A 
SABA
(Oral or subQ*)
1. Prophylaxis bronchospasm from asthma 
2. Bronchitis 
3. Emphysema
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Terbutaline not given to what pt

A

Super allergy
Pregnancy
Pre-contractions in pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Metaproterenol is what and clinical use

A

SABA

  1. Asthma
  2. Bronchospasm from COPD or bronchitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Metaproterenol side effects

A

Paradoxical bronchospasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pirbuterol is what and clinical use

A

SABA

1. Prevent and reverse bronchospasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pirbuterol side effects

A

Significant cardiovascular effects* like in HTN pts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Levabuterol is what and clinical use and side effects

A

SABA
1. Tx or prevent bronchospasm is any reversible obstructive airway disease
Can cause paradoxical bronchospasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Beclomethasone is what and clinical use

A

ICS
= asthma maintenance (before sx)
= can be to help patients get off oral steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Beclomethasone side effects

A

Can shrink adrenal gland during oral steroids so need to start Beclomethasone carefully so hypothalamic pituitary pathway can heal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

ICS is given how and functions to do what in asthma pts

A
  1. 2 x day usuall
  2. Prevent asthma sx and exercise-induced asthma
  3. Prevent airway changes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tx asthma persistent

A

ICS

Then LABA if needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Budesonide is what and clinical use

A

ICS

1. Maintenance asthma (before sx)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Budesonide contraindications

A
  1. Status asthmaticus

2. Acute asthma episode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Ciclesonide is what and clinical use

A

ICS

= maintenance asthma (before sx)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Ciclesonide contraindications

A

= acute bronchospasm

= candida present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Ciclesonide advantage

A

Less candidiasis (PRODRUG activated by bronchial Esterases**)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Flunisonide is what and clinical use

A

ICS
= maintenance asthma
= help eliminate oral steroids slowly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Flunisonide contraindications

A

Asthma attack

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Fluticasone is what and clinical use

A

ICS

= maintenance asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Fluticasone risks

A

Candida is higher risk

- wash mouth with water

25
Mometasome is what and clinical use
ICS | = maintenance asthma
26
Mometasome contraindications
Milk hypersensitivity (lactose)
27
Triamcinolone is what and clinical use
ICS = maintenance asthma = decrease oral steroids
28
Triamcinolone contraindications and warning for risk
Acute asthma | Adrenal insufficiency death can happen if not gradual change to this drug from oral steroids
29
Prednisone is what and clinical use
``` ORAL corticosteroids (OCS) = WITH SABA to tx asthma flareup = also used for endocrine and other anti inflammatory needed conditions ```
30
Prednisone can cause
Hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal pathway insufficiency
31
Prescribing pt with asthma what
1. ICS everyday. 2. OCS and SABA when needed 3. If that doesn’t work add LABA + ICS every day
32
Fomoterol is what and clinical use
LABA (used with ICS) 1. Asthma control 2. COPD
33
Fomoterol risk
Asthma problems if not given with ICS
34
Salmeterol is what and clinical use
LABA = prevent exercise bronchospasm = maintain COPD
35
Indacaterol and Vilanterol is what and clinical use
LABA = breathing problems from COPD = bronchitis and emphysema from COPD
36
Olodaterol is what and clinical use
LABA | = maintenance 1x day for COPD, chronic bronchitis, emphysema
37
LABA only given with
ICS
38
4 anticholinergic drugs used for COPD
1. Atropine (shirt lasting) 2. Ipratropium (maintenance) 3. Tiotropium (long term maintenance) 4. Aclidinium (long term maintenance)
39
Atropine is what and clinical use
Anticholinergic | = X life threatening COPD or asthma attacks
40
Atropine max dose
No more then 2-3mg
41
Ipratropium is what and clinical use
Anticholinergic =maintenance bronchospasm for COPD = less systemic effect then atropine
42
Tiotropium is what and clinical use
Anticholinergic | = 1x day maintenance bronchospasm from COPD
43
Aclidinium is what and clinical use
Anticholinergic | = maintenance bronchospasm long term from COPD
44
3 Methylxanhines (from plants and animals)
1. Theophylline 2. Theobromine (chocolate) 3. Caffeine = asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema (COPD) tx
45
Theophylline does what 2 things and contraindications
1. Bronchodilate by increasing cAMP 2. Inhibit bronchoconstriction = PUD, seizures, cardiac problems cautious use needed
46
Non-hormone anti inflammatory
Leukotriene atagonists and Lipoxygenase inhibitors
47
Zafirlukast and Montelukast are what and clinical use
Reversible antagonist of Cysteinyl LEUKOTRINE receptors ( CysLT1 receptors) = bronchodilator not as effective as ICS (ORALLY)
48
Zafirlukast and Montelukast and Pranlukast do what and advantage
BLOCK Leukotrienes binding to CysLT1 Rs Anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator = no glucocorticoid effects *
49
Zileuton is what and clinical use
BLOCK 5-LO (lipoxygenase = making leukotrines that bind to CysLT1 R)
50
Zafirlukast and Monelukast and Pranlukast and Zileuton are used when
1. DM (prevent glucocorticoid effects) 2. Prophylaxis in asthma 3. Prevention of asthma prophylaxis (anti-inflammatory + bronchodilator) (Except monelukast can tx ongoing prophylaxis however can also tx allergies)
51
Zafirlukast risk
Hepatotoxicity
52
Zileuton used when and risks
Prophylaxis and chronic asthma | = hepatotoxic
53
Omalizumab is what and clinical use
Monoclonal antibody drugs = severe asthma persistent (with + skin test or no other drug works) = chronic idiopathic urticaria (even after anti-H1 tx)
54
Omalizumab works how
1. Bind to IgE 2. Decrease R bound by IgE 3. Decrease mast cell mediator release 4. Decreasing allergic inflammation
55
Omalizumab risks
Anaphylaxis ** (should be given in hospital only)
56
Asthma tx steps
SABA ALWAYS | ICS —> LABA —> LAMA
57
COPD Tx steps
SABA ALWAYS | LAMA —> LABA —> ICS
58
Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria
Hives from unknown cause usually autoimmune hyperreactive immune system

CPR 2 Exam 2 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions