Pharmocology

Question 1

spironalactone se

Answer 1

hyperkalaemia

- peak t, small p, wide qrs

Question 2

ccb for htn

Answer 2

nifed, amlod

se - ankle swelling, dizzyness

Question 3

methotrexate se

Answer 3

can get pneumonitis
myelofibrosis
liver fibrosis
renal

Question 4

animal bite abx

Answer 4

co-amoxiclav

Question 5

drugs in ALS

Answer 5

1 mg adrenaline 3-5mins
amiodarone after 3rd shock

not atropine

Question 6

clindamycin prob

Answer 6

commonly linked to c diff

Question 7

treat c diff

Answer 7

metronidazole

Question 8

cocaine affects

Answer 8

heart
neuropsych

hypertension
rhabdo
met acid

Question 9

statin

Answer 9

myopathy
liver probs
- monitor LFT’s before and during
- stop if reach 3 times normal

take at night

Question 10

amlodipine main se

Answer 10

ankle swell

Question 11

thiazide main se

Answer 11

hyponat

others

• postural hypotension, dehydration
• hypokal, hypercal
• gout
• impaired gluc tol

Question 12

b-block main side

Answer 12

cold periph

Question 13

what to avoid in renal failure

Answer 13

tetracycline
nsaid
metformin
lithium

Question 14

safe in renal failure

Answer 14

rifampicin erythromycin
diazepam
warfarin

Question 15

cholestasis w abx

Answer 15

co-amoxiclav

Question 16

ace

Answer 16

cough, hyperkal, first dose hypot

check UE before and if increase dose

• 30% creat rise ok
• K ok up to 5.5

Question 17

avoid ace inhibitors in

Answer 17

AS
renovascular
preg and BF

Question 18

drugs causing lung fibrosis

Answer 18

methotrexate

amiodarone

Question 19

furosemide

Answer 19

acts on ascending loop

se: hypo..
tension, cal, kal, nat
EARS - ototoxic

Question 20

digoxin toxicity

Answer 20

arrythmia
gut: nausea vom diarrhoea
yellow vision

Question 21

methotrexate monitoring

Answer 21

fbc, ue, lft

Question 22

amiodarone

Answer 22

lft, tft

Question 23

breakthrough morphine

Answer 23

6th of daily req

Question 24

infective exac of copd abx?

Answer 24

amoxicillin

or tetra, or clarth

Question 25

cellulitis

Answer 25

flucox

Question 26

epilepsy

Answer 26

sodium valprate -ntd - take high dose folate in preg carbamazepine if complex partial

Question 27

acture pyelonephriti abx

Answer 27

broad spec cephalo

Question 28

viagra (sildenafil)

Answer 28

contraindicated: nitrates and nicorandil se: visual disturb

Question 29

post mi

Answer 29

ace, b, statin, asp clopidog 4 weeks if stemi clopidog 12 month if nstemi/unstable angina ONLY IF 6MM>1.5

Question 30

drugs increasing prolactin (could cause galactorrhoea)

Answer 30

metoclopramide domperidone chlopromazine to treat: dopamine agonist (bromocriptine) (non drug: preg, hypothy, pit tumour, acromeg, pcos)

Question 31

P450 INDUCERS (reduce drug avail)

Answer 31

phenytoin, carbamez barbiturate rifampicin chronic alcohol

Question 32

P450 INHIBITORS increase drug action ie increase inr if on warfarin

Answer 32

``` abx eg erythro isoniazid ppi/h2r amiodarone allopurinol ssri sodium valproate acute alcohol ```

Question 33

tb treat

Answer 33

rifampicin 6m isoniazid 6m first two months: ethambutol pyrozinamide

Question 34

anticoag for DVT

Answer 34

start heparin start warfarin within 24hr when INR stable in 2-3 fro 24hrs stop heparin continue warfarin 3 months (6 months if cancer)

Question 35

warfarin

Answer 35

``` vs extrinsic path (VII,X) measure INR (determined by PT) ```

Question 36

heparin

Answer 36

activates antithrombin iii intrinsic pathway measure attp for full hep, measure anti factor X for lmwh risks bleeding, HIT, osteoporo, hyperkal

Question 37

orilistat

Answer 37

to help lose weight panc lipase inhibitor 1 year use if - bmi>30 - bmi>28 plus risk factor - good weight loss so far

Question 38

hypekalaemia mgmt

Answer 38

iv calcium gluconate insulin glucose ?calcium resonium ?salbutamol

Question 39

example of thiazide like diuretic

Answer 39

indapamide

Question 40

treat chlamydia

Answer 40

azithromycin or doxycycline if preg erythro or amoxy

Question 41

allopurinol dose

Answer 41

start at 100mg titrate up (until uric acid is <300)

Question 42

ciclosporin se

Answer 42

nephrotoxic

Question 43

sulfasalazine se

Answer 43

rash oligospermia anaemia

Question 44

hydroxycloroquinine se | antimalarial vs ra

Answer 44

retinopathy, corneal deposits

Question 45

prednisolone

Answer 45

bones, infections, gastric, sleep weight gain, htn, glucose tol cushing, cataract

Question 46

ra drugs causing proteinuria

Answer 46

gold | penicillamine

Question 47

biological agents se infliximab. etanercept, adalimumab rituximab

Answer 47

reactivate tb rituximab --> infusion reaction