Infections Flashcards
things caused by H Pylori
peptic ulcer (duodenal or gastric)
also linked to gastric ca, lymphoma of malt, atrophic gastrits
erysipelas
cellulitis and lymphangitis
STREP PYOG
caused by strep pneumonia
pneumonia
meningitis
otitis media
caused by strep pyogenes
impetigo erysipelas type 2 nec fasc cellulitis tonsillitis scarlet fever (due to endotoxins)
LRTI in kids ie bronchilitis
RSV
common cold
rhinovirus
Croup
parainfluenza
tx: dexa and pred orally ned steroids (?adrenaline)
pneumonia
strep pneumonia
staph aureus post flu
Epiglottitis
HIb
Whooping
Bordatella pertussis
Characteristically high wcc
HIV during pregancy
maternal antiretroviral (zidovudine)
caeserean
neonatal antiretroviral
bottle feed
post splenectomy
risk of pneumococcus, haemoph, meningococc
vaccinations: HIb, meningococc, flu (yearly), pneumococc (5 yearly)
penicillin V - affective vs strep but not haemoph (vaccine important)
chlamydia treat
AZITHROMYCIN (1 dose)
or doxycyline (7 days)
partner notification last 6 months (treat then test)
-unless symptomatic man: last 4 weeks
osteomyelitis
staph aureus
(if sickel - salmonella)
Ix: MRI
chlamydia comps
reactive arthritis
epididymitis
PID
perihepatitis
chickenpox
infective 5 days either side of rash
immnocompromised of newbrons
exposed: give varicella zoster Ig
rash: give IV aciclovir
nec fasc
strep pyogenes
v tender cellulitits, hemorrhagic bullae
debridement
diarrhoea in hiv
cryptosporidium
supporive treatment
infective mononucleosis
glandular fevr
ebv
EBV
monospot, FBC and blood film
malaise fever sore throat lymphadenopathy
get a rash if given amoxicillin
treat is supportive
c diff
Pseudomembranous colitis Gram + (spindle or drumstick shaped) diarrhoea, pain, raised wc diag: toxin in stool treat: metronidazole risk factor: broad spec abx
India ink stain
Cryptococcus neoformans
- fungal menigitis or Enceph in aids
Streptoccoccus subtypes
Gram pos, coagulase neg
Alpha haem (partial)
- strep pneumonia
- strep viridans
Beta haem (complete)
A: strep pyog
B,C,D etc
Gonorrhoea
Gram neg diplococc
Tuberculous
Lowenstein jensen medium
Ziehl-nielsen stain
Auramine stain
Acid fast bacili
Pseudomonas aeriginosa
Gram neg motile bacili
MacConkey agar - Non lactose fermenting
Bacillus cereus
Gram pos bacillus
Legionella
Gram neg rods
Slow culture
Milky white colonies on charcoal yeast extract
Mycoplasma pneumonia
No cell wall
Pleomorphic
Atyp pneumonia - headache diarrhoe fatigue
Erythema multiforme, haemolytic anaemia, guillan barre
E coli
Gram neg rod
Lactose fementing on macconkey agar
HUS
Giardia
Cysts and trophozites
Vibrio cholera
Rice water stools
Gram neg motile bacillis
Bacillus cereus
Gram pos bacilli
Campylobacter
Gram neg spiral
Gram neg rods
Salmonella (motile)
Shigella
E coli
Cholera (motile)
Klebsiella
Legionella
Haemoph influ
Pseudomonas (motile, non lact ferm)
H pylori
Staph aureus
Gram pos coag pos catalase pos
Chlamydi
Gram neg rod or cocci
Gonorr
Gram neg diplococc
Neisseria menigitidis
Gram neg diplococc (like gonorr)
Malaria
tropics eg India
suspect in fever or flu like illness with visit to malaria areas in past 2 months, esp if concern over antimalarial compliance
different stains (falciparum, vivax etc) with different presentations and incubations
paroxysms of rigors, vomting, sweating
severe: ‘cerebral malaira’ with falciparum - fits, neurology, coma.
can also get diarrhoea, cardiac failure, ARDS, death
test: thin and thick blood films - need three negatives
also see anaemia and thrombocytopenia
treat: supportive, quinine, abx
