Pharming 101 Flashcards
B-2 agonist commonly administered for bronchoconstriction (Trade and generic names).
Albuterol (salbutamol)
Sympathomimetic with > beta agonist effects than alpha agonist effects commonly used for anaphylaxis.
Epinephrine
Primarily alpha-1 effects (Trade & generic names) commonly used in septic shock.
norepinephrine (Levophed)
Name (3) benzodiazepines common in prehospital care (Trade and generic names).
Lorazepam (Ativan), Diazepam (Valium), Midazolam (Versed)
Anticholinergic commonly used for bronchoconstriction. No longer contraindicated with peanut/ soy allergies.
Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)
Class IIb antiarrhythmic, Na channel blocker, commonly used in cardiac arrest and acute ventricular tachycardia rhythms.
Lidocaine
Class III antiarrhythmic, Na, K, Ca channel blocker commonly used in tachycardic rhythms. May cause pulmonary toxicity.
Amiodarone
This medication requires effective ventilation in order not to increase acidosis due to its components.
NaHCO3 breaks down into HCO3 + H20 + CO2. CO2 is an acid that must be blown off through effective ventilation to avoid increasing acidosis.
Nebulized sodium bicarbonate is an option to treat:
Chemical injuries resulting from chlorine gas.
An asthma patient is exhausted with steadily decreasing SpO2 and increasing EtCO2 not improving with medications. If available, the most appropriate medication to provide sedation:
Ketamine due to its bronchodilatory action.
Your IFT pre-eclampsic patient is receiving MgSO4. During transport, on assessment you note her RR has decreased to 8 and she is lethargic. What medication should you prepare?
Calcium gluconate or chloride
The patient is presenting as a MgSO4 toxicity.
What (2) populations are at greatest risk for medication toxicity?
children
older adults
These groups have decreased kidney function making it difficult for medications to be metabolized.
Slows the conduction time through the A-V node, can interrupt the reentry pathways through the A-V node and can restore normal sinus rhythm in patients with SVT.
Adenosine
Inhibits the muscarinic actions of acetylcholine.
First drug for symptomatic bradycardia (Class 1a) and poisoning from organophosphates/ nerve agents.
Atropine
Used for:
Eclamptic Seizure
Preterm labor
Reactive Airway Disease
MgSO4
Agents that inhibit the entry of calcium ions into heart muscle cells:
- slows the heart rate
- decreases oxygen demand
- relaxes smooth muscle cells of the blood vessels to cause dilation
-used to prevent or treat angina pectoris, some arrhythmias, and hypertension
Calcium Channel Blockers
Non- potassium sparring loop diuretic commonly used in CHF
Lasix (furosemide)
Reverses benodiazepines
-can cause seizures if reversal is too rapid
Romazicon (flumazenil)
Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
Binds to ACh receptors depolarizing the membranes causing transient contractions and fasciculations,
Succinylcholine
Define:
1-Chronotrope
2-Inotrope
3-Dromotrope
1-drugs that affect the heart rate
2-agent that alters the force of muscular contractions
3- drugs that affect the conduction speed in the AV node
Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker
- action
-example
Competitively blocking nicotinic acetylcholine receptors at the muscle end plate.
rocuronium (Zemuron), vecuronium, norcuronium (Norcuron), Pancuronium, mivacurium
What medication is used to treat an Atropine overdose?
Physostigmine
A beta blocker OD is managed with:
Glucagon
