PharmExam2Needtoknow

Question 1

What is the treatment for PCP?

Answer 1

Bactrim (2 DS TID x 21 days) or if allergic, then pentamadine

Question 2

What is the treatment for MRSA?

Answer 2

Vanco, bactrim, ceftaroline, tetracyclines if on skin, mupiricin in the nose, daptomycin

Question 3

What drugs are active against pseudomonas?

Answer 3

Piper, ticer, ceftazidime, imipenem, flouroquinolones

Question 4

What drug is associated with disulfuriam reaction?

Answer 4

flagyl! cephalosporins

Question 5

What drugs do you need to measure trough?

Answer 5

vanco, aminoglycosides

Question 6

What is the chance that someone with a PCN allergy will have a cephalosporin allergy?

Answer 6

5%

Question 7

Red man’s disease caused by?

Answer 7

Vanco (hypotension and erythematous rash

Question 8

what drug can cause thrombophlebitis?

Answer 8

IV erythromycin

Question 9

Tetracycline ADRs?

Answer 9

Staining teeth
Nephrotoxicity/hepatotoxicity
Photosensitivity

Question 10

Macrolide ADRs?

Answer 10

Stomatitis
Clarithromycin causes metallic taste
Erythromycin initiates peristalsis and can be used for gastroparesis
Tinnitus or impaired hearing
IV Erythromycin can cause thrombophlebitis

Question 11

What drug most likely cause pseudomembranous colitis?

Answer 11

clindamycin. oh clinda you suck!

Question 12

What drug can treat gastroperisis?

Answer 12

erythromycin

Question 13

Erythromycin and clarithromycin ____________ (inhibit/induce) CYT P450

Answer 13

inhibit!

Question 14

What drug is contraindicated in myasthenia gravis patients?

Answer 14

telithromycin (QT prolong too)

Question 15

What drug can cause either reversible dose dependent anemia or aplastic anemia?

Answer 15

chloramphenicol (useful in meningitis)

Question 16

What drug causes gray baby?

Answer 16

chloramphenicol

Question 17

ADRs of sulfonamides?

Answer 17

Skin rashes that can progress to SJS
Crystalluria
GI distress
Hepatitis
Hematopoietic toxicity
In G6PD deficiency they can cause hemolytic anemia
photosensitivity

Question 18

Should you base bactrim off the trimethoprim or sulfamethoxizole?

Answer 18

trimethoprim

Question 19

ADRs of bactrim?

Answer 19

Megaloblastic anemia with low intake of folic acid
Rash
photosensitivity

Question 20

What drug can cause tendon rupture?

Answer 20

fluoroquinolones (QT prolong too)

Question 21

What drug cause pulmonary fibrosis with long term use?

Answer 21

nitrofurantoin

Question 22

First line drugs of TB?

Answer 22

Isoniazid (INH), ethambutol, Pyrazinamide (PZA) and rifampin

Question 23

Isoniazid ADRs

Answer 23

hepatitis and peripheral neuropathy

Question 24

ethambutol ADRs

Answer 24

optic neuritis
impaired red-green color discrimination
hepatitis

Question 25

Pyrazinamide ADRs

Answer 25

hepatitis, hyperuricemia

Question 26

Rifampin ADRs

Answer 26

Red! | CYP450 inducer!

Question 27

Drug of choice for TB with HIV

Answer 27

rifabutin

Question 28

Similar to sulfonamides, this drug can cause hemolytic anemia in leprosy pts with G6PD

Answer 28

dapsone

Question 29

What leprosy tx prevents erythema nodosum

Answer 29

clofazamine

Question 30

DOC for systemic mycoses

Answer 30

amphotericin B

Question 31

amphotericin B ADRs

Answer 31

nephrotoxicity, infusion reactions, hypokalemia and bone marrow suppression

Question 32

azoles _____________ (inhibit/induce) CYP450

Answer 32

inhibit

Question 33

What drug causes cardiosuppression as a negative inotrope?

Answer 33

azoles (needs gastric acid to work - tetracyclines do too)

Question 34

what drug binds to surfactant?

Answer 34

daptomycin

Question 35

pseudomonas pt with renal failure?

Answer 35

aztreonam

Question 36

What drug can potentiate the effects of amphoterrible so you can give a lower dose?

Answer 36

flucytosine

Question 37

what is the drug of choice for invasive aspergillosis?

Answer 37

voriconazole

Question 38

What drug lowers sex hormones?

Answer 38

ketoconazole

Question 39

What oral anti fungal is used for topical infections?

Answer 39

griseofulvin

Question 40

causes crystaluria in presence of dehydration?

Answer 40

acyclovir and sulfonamides

Question 41

what drug causes retinal detachment?

Answer 41

gangicyclovir

Question 42

What drug must be refrigerated?

Answer 42

trifluridine

Question 43

Heart failures, arrhythmias, seizures, pancreatitis ADR

Answer 43

foscarnet

Question 44

typical HART therapy

Answer 44

2 NRTIs plus NNRTI or PI

Question 45

Most common ADR in NNRTI

Answer 45

rash which can progress to SJS

Question 46

what drugs cause neuropsychogenic reactions?

Answer 46

efavirenz (preferred initial NNRTI) and pegylated interferon, mefloquine

Question 47

What is ritonavir used for?

Answer 47

to increase or boost protease inhibitors

Question 48

What drug causes insulin resistance?

Answer 48

Protease inhibitor

Question 49

approved to treat severe RSV and HCV

Answer 49

Ribavirn

Question 50

what drugs aerosol can cause apnea, pneumothorax and cardiac arrest?

Answer 50

ribaviron

Question 51

Used for chronic active hepatitis, genital warts, hairy cell leukemia, CML, Kaposi’s sarcoma, renal carcinoma, malignant melanoma and multiple myeloma

Answer 51

Interferon

Question 52

Active vs protozoa as well as H.pylori, B. fragilis and C. Difficile as well as anaerobic bugs

Answer 52

Metronidazole

Question 53

Why are G6PDers sad?

Answer 53

Thy can't take sulfonamides (bactrim), Antimalarials (primaquine), or Dapsone

Question 54

What drug causes high doses can cause retinal damage

Answer 54

chloroquine

Question 55

What drugs cause severe neuropsychiatric syndrome associated with hallucinations, anxiety, confusion and seizures

Answer 55

mefloquine

Question 56

DOC for toxo in HIV patients?

Answer 56

pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine, and Leucovorin

Question 57

What drug lowers seizure threshold?

Answer 57

imipenim

Question 58

Drug of choice for river blindness?

Answer 58

ivermectin

Question 59

What helminth drug causes NVD, delirium, hallucinations

Answer 59

albendazole

Question 60

DOC for scabies?

Answer 60

permethrin

Question 61

No need to comb out and remove nits in what drug

Answer 61

spinosad

Question 62

A malaria drug that's used in HIV wasting syndrome by stimulating appetite

Answer 62

Atovaquone

Question 63

What 4 drugs induce hepatic enzymes /CYTP450?

Answer 63

Griseofulvin, rifampin, isoniazid, carbamazepine

Question 64

What is linezolid active against?

Answer 64

VRE and MRSA

Question 65

SJS causers

Answer 65

sulfonamides + dilantin + flucnazole