Pharmacovigilance And Pharamcogenetics

Question 1

Give 3 examples of type A drug reactions.

Answer 1

Warfarin - bleeding
Nitrates - headache
Oral antidiabetic agents - hypoglycaemia

Question 2

What are the four broads MOA of ADRS?

Answer 2

Exaggerated response
Desired pharm effect at different site
Additional/ secondary pharmacological effect
Immune response trigger

Question 3

What was developed in response to the thalidomide tragedy?

Describe this scheme.

Answer 3

Yellow card scheme

Established drugs - serious or unusual ADR reporting

Recently introduced drugs (upside down black triangle on them) - report any suspected ADRs no matter how minor.

Question 4

State advantages and disadvantages of the yellow card scheme.

Answer 4

Timely and theoretically inexpensive
Both common and rare reactions
Anyone can report
Positive bias - serious ADRs are more likely to be reported - these are the ones that we need to know about more.

Unquantifiable - under reporting
Publicity management
Incomplete poor quality data

Question 5

Give some drugs metabolised byCYP 2D6.

Answer 5

Antidepressants
Anti-psychotics
B-blockers
Opioid analgesics