Laxatives Flashcards
MOA loperamide.
Why is increased segmental contraction good?
Name two other drugs with similar MOA to loperamide. What is the difference?
Side effects.
What are some things to avoid in a constipating diet?
Bind to u receptors in the myenteric plexus
Decrease tone of longitudinal and circular muscle contractions
Increase in segmental contractions
Decrease colonic mass movement by suppressing the gastronomic reflex.
Bidirectional - allows for the chyme to be further broken down and allows more time for reabsorption - slows down progression of chyme but results in less chyme.
Morphine and codeine - bind to u and delta receptors.
Paralytic ileus
N/V
Sedation and addiction (morphine and codeine)
Sorbitol, caffiene, spicy foods, high fibre and fizzy drinks
name the two types of osmotic laxatives.
Name another type.
Difference in MOA?
When is PEG used often?
Lactulose
Macrogols/ PEG derivatives - cosmocol and movicol.
Mg(OH)2
Macrogols - retain fluid they came in with
Lactulose - draw fluid in
Colonic cleansing before endoscopy
Name some stimulant laxatives.
2 MOAs.
Which one acts as both a stool softener and stimulate?
Which one causes extreme abdominal cramps? Another ADR of this?
Which is used in palliative care due to being carcinogenic?
Which one given as a suppository can cause rectal irritation?
Bisacodyl Co-danthramer Senna Docusate sodium Sodium picosulphate
Enteric Nervous system - increase peristalsis
ENS - increase electrolyte secretion.
Docusate sodium
Senna - melanosis coli
Co danthramer
Glycerin
Name a bulkforming laxative.
MOA?
Methylcellulose
Ispaghula hulk
Form a bulky hydrated mass due to being not well absorbed.
This promotes peristalsis
Name some stool softeners.
MOA.
Docusate sodium
Glycerine suppository
Arachis oil
Liquid paraffin
Anionic surfactants that decrease the surface tension of the faeces allowing for more fat and water to penetrate and be incorporated into the mass.
