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San Antonio HM > Pharmacology + Toxicology > Flashcards

Pharmacology + Toxicology Flashcards

1
Q

Physician’s Desk Reference

A

Published annually, it is an extensive listing of drugs arranged in five sections.

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2
Q

What are the five sections of the Physician’s Desk Reference?

A
  1. Pink: Comprehensive alphabetic listing of brand name products + a list of manufacturers with their product.
  2. Blue: A therapeutic index
  3. Yellow: A drug, chemical, and pharmacological index to drugs.
  4. White: A list of major products of manufacturers with information on composition, action, uses, administration, dosage, precautions, contraindications, and supply of each drug.
  5. Final Section: Contains full size color photographs to aid in medication identification.
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3
Q

Antacids (Action)

A

Used for heartburn and indigestion

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4
Q

Antacids (Generic + Trade names)

A 
Calcium Carbonate (Tums)
Ranitidine (Zantac)
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5
Q

Antiflatulants (Action)

A

Used for excess gas in the intestinal tract

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6
Q

Generic + Trade names of Antiflatulants

A

Simethicone (Gas-X, Mylicon)

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7
Q

Antibiotics (Action)

A

Used for bacterial infections

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8
Q

Categories of Antibiotics

A
  1. Penicillins
  2. Cephalosporins
  3. Fluroquinolones
  4. Tetracyclines
  5. Macrolides
  6. Sulfonamides
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9
Q

Antibiotics (Generic + Trade names)

A

Penicillin (Pen VK)
Cephalexin (Keflex)
Azithromycin (Zithromax)

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10
Q

Anticoagulants (Action)

A

Used in the treatment + prevention of blood clots

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11
Q

Anticoagulants (Generic + Trade names)

A

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Heparin

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12
Q

Antidiarrheal (Action)

A

Used to control diarrhea caused by food poisoning, parasitic infestation, or gastrointestinal diseases

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13
Q

Antidiarrheals (Generic + Trade names)

A 
Loperamide (Imodium)
Bismuth Subsalicylate (Kaopectate)
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14
Q

Antidiabetics (Action)

A
  1. INSULIN decreases blood sugar

2. ORAL HYPOGLYCEMICS regulates amount of glucose in the blood (various ways this happens, depending on the drug)

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15
Q

Antidiabetics (Generic + Trade names of both types)

A

INSULIN: ‘Insulin’ is generic. Novolin R, Humulin are trade names.
ORAL HYPOGLYCEMICS: Metaformin (Glucophage), Glyburide (Micronase)*
*parenthesis is trade name

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16
Q

Antidysrhythmics (Action)

A

Used in the prevention or correction of irregular heart rhythms and the treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF)

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17
Q

Antidysrhythmics (Generic + Trade names)

A

Amiodarone (Cordarone)

Diltiazem (Cardizem)

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18
Q

Antiemetics (Action)

A

Used in the prevention or relief of nausea, vomiting, motion sickness, and vertigo

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19
Q

Antiemetics (Generic + Trade names)

A

Promethazine (Phenergan)

Meclizine (Dramamine)

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20
Q

Antifungals (Action)

A

Used to treat fungal infections such as tinea pedis (athlete’s foot), tinea corporis (ringworm), tinea cruris (jock itch)

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21
Q

Antifungals (Generic + Trade names)

A

Tolnaftate (Tinactin)

Clotrimazole (Lotrimin)

22
Q

Antihistamines (Action)

A

Used for seasonal allergies, rhinitis (an inflammation of the mucus lining of the nose) and secondary treatment in anaphylactic reactions

23
Q

Antihistamines (Generic + Trade names)

A

Diphenhydramine HCL (Benadryl)

24
Q

Antihypertensives (Action)

A

Used to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and heart attack

25
Q

Antihypertensives (Generic + Trade names)

A

Atenolol (Tenormin)

Lisinopril (Zestril)

26
Q

Antitussives (Action)

A

Used as a cough suppressant

27
Q

Antitussives (Generic + Trade names)

A

Dextromethorphan (Vicks Formula 44)

Benzonatate (Tessalon Perles)

28
Q

Antipsychotic (Action)

A

Used to treat mental illness

29
Q

Antipsychotic (Generic + Trade names)

A

Haloperidol (Haldol)
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
Clozapine (Clozaril)

30
Q

Cathartics (Action)

A

Used for constipation, lab studies, and pre- and post-operation preparation

31
Q

Cathartics (Generic + Trade names)

A

Sorbitol, Magnesium Citrate (both generic)

32
Q

Decongestants (Action)

A

Used to relieve nasal and sinus congestion

33
Q

Decongestants (Generic + Trade names)

A

Pseudophedrine HCL (Sudafed)

34
Q

Expectorants (Action)

A

Used to clear mucus secretions caused from the common cold or bronchitis

35
Q

Expectorants (Generic + Trade names)

A

Guaifenesin (Mucinex, Robitussin)

36
Q

Laxatives (Action)

A

Used for constipation and to regulate bowel movements

37
Q

Laxatives (Generic + Trade names)

A

Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)

38
Q

Local Anesthetics (Action)

A

Used to produce numbness in local area

39
Q

Local Anesthetics (Generic + Trade names)

A

Lidocaine (Xylocaine HCL)

Lidocaine with epinephrine (Xylocaine with Epinephrine)

40
Q

Mild Anesthetics - Non-Opioid (Action)

A

Used as a fever reducer and to relieve pain and inflammation

41
Q

Mild Anesthetics - Non-Opioid (Generic + Trade names)

A

Acetylsalicylic Acid - ASA (Aspirin)

Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

42
Q

Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatories (NSAIDS) (Action)

A

Used to relieve arthritis, mild to moderate pain

43
Q

Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatories (NSAIDS) (Generic + Trade names)

A

Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil)

Naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn)

44
Q

Opiate Agonists (Action)

A

Used to relieve moderate to severe pain, lessen apprehension and for sedation

45
Q

Opiate Agonists (Generic + Trade names)

A

Morphine (Roxanol
Pethidine (Demerol)
Tramadol (Ultram)

46
Q

Vaccines + Toxoids (Action)

A

Used for disease prevention

47
Q

Vaccines + Toxoids (Examples)

A

Vaccines: Hepatitis A, Influenza
Toxoids: Tetanus, Diphtheria

48
Q

Narcotic and Controlled Drug Account Record

A

NAVMED 6710/1

49
Q

DoD Prescription

A

DD 1289

50
Q

Poly Prescription

A

NAVMED 6710/6

51
Q

DD/DH * V/1

A 
DD = Desired Dose
DH = Dose on Hand
V = Vehicle
52
Q

What are the angles of the needle insertions for:
IM?
SQ?
IV?

A 
IM = 90 degrees
SQ = 45 degrees
IV = 10-15 degrees

San Antonio HM (5 decks)

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