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Pharmacology > Pharmacology Side Effects (reactions) > Flashcards

Pharmacology Side Effects (reactions) Flashcards

1
Q

causes coronary vasospam

A

cocaine, sumatriptan, ergot alkaloids

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2
Q

causes cutaneous flushing

A

(VANC) Vancomycin, Adenosine, Niacin, Ca2+ channel blocker

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3
Q

causes dilated cardiomyopathy

A

doxorubicin, daunorubicin

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4
Q

causes torsades de pointes

A

class III (ex: sotalol) and class IA (ex: quinidine) antiarrhymics, macrolide antibiotics, antipsychotics, TCAs

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5
Q

causes agranulocytoisis

A

Clozapine, Carbamazepine, Colchine, Propylthiouracil, Methimazole, Dapsone (Agranulocytosis Could Certainly Cause Pretty Major Damage OR Drugs CCCrush Myeloblasts & Promyelocytes)

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6
Q

causes aplastic anemia

A

Carbamezepine, Methimazole, NSAIDs, Benzene, Chloramphenicol, Propylthiouracil (Can’t Make New Blood Cells Properly)

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7
Q

causes direct coombs positive hemolytic anemia

A

methyldopa, penicillin

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8
Q

causes gray baby syndome

A

chloramphenicol

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9
Q

causes hemolysis in G6PD-deficient patients

A

Isoniazid, Sulfonamides, Dapsone, Primaquine, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Nitrofurantoin (Hemolysis IS D PAIN)

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10
Q

causes megaloblastic anemia

A

(females with PMS are on full BLAST mode) Phenytoin, Methotrexate, Sulfa drugs

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11
Q

Causes thrombocytopenia

A

Heparin, cimetidine

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12
Q

Causes thrombotic complications

A

OCPs like estrogen

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13
Q

Causes dry cough

A

ACE inhibitors

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14
Q

causes pulmonary fibrosis

A

Bleomycin, Amiodarone, Busulfan, Methotrexate (Breathing Air Badly from Medications)

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15
Q

causes acute cholestatic hepatits, jaundice

A

erthryomycin

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16
Q

causes focal to massive hepatic necrosis

A

Halothane, Amanita Phalloides (death cap mushroom), Valproic acid, Acetaminophen (Liver “HAVAc”)

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17
Q

causes hepatitis

A

isoniazid (INH)

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18
Q

can lead to pseudomembranous colitis

A

Clindamycin, ampicillin, cephalosporins (Antibiotics predispose to superinfection by resistant C. diff)

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19
Q

can lead to adrenocortical insufficiency

A

HPA suppression secondary to glucocorticoid withdrawal

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20
Q

can causes gynecomastia

A

(Some drugs create awkward knockers) spironolactone, digitalis, cimetidine, chronic alcohol use, ketoconazole

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21
Q

causes hot flashes

A

Tamoxifen, clomiphene

22
Q

causes hypergylcemia

A

Tacrolimus, Protease inhibitors, Niacin, HCTZ, B-blockers, Corticosteroids (Taking Pills Necessitates Having Blood Checked)

23
Q

causes hypothyroidism

A

lithium, amiodarone, suldonamides

24
Q

causes fat redistribution

A

Protease inhibitors, Glucocorticoids (Fat PiG)

25
Q

causes gingival hyperplasia

A

Phenytoin, verapamil, cyclosporine, nifedipine

26
Q

Causes hyperuricemia (gout)

A

Pyrazinamide, Thiazides, Furosemide, Niacin, Cyclosporine (Painful Tophi and Feet Need Care)

27
Q

Causes myopathy

A

fibrates, niacin, colchicine, hydroxychloroquine, interferon-alpha, penicillamine, statins, glucocorticoids

28
Q

causes osteoporosis

A

corticosteroids, heparin

29
Q

causes photosensitivty

A

Sulfonamides, Amiodarone, Tetracyclines, 5-FU (SAT For Photo)

30
Q

causes rash/SJS

A

Anti-epileptic drugs (ethosuximide, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, phenytoin, pherobarbital), Allopurinol, Sulfa drugs, Penicillin (Steven Johnson has epileptic Allergy to Sulfadrugs and Penicillin)

31
Q

Causes SLE-like syndrome (drug-induced lupus)

A

Sulfa drugs, Hydralazine, INH, Procainamide, Phenytoin, Etanercept (Having lupus is “SHIPP-E”)

32
Q

Causes teeth discoloration

A

tetracyclines

33
Q

Causes tendonitis, tendon rupture, and cartilage damage

A

fluoroquinolones

34
Q

causes diabetes insipidus

A

lithium, demeclocycline

35
Q

Causes Fanconi syndrome

A

expired tetracycline

36
Q

causes hemorrhagic cystits

A

Cyclophosamide, ifosfamide (Prevent by coadministering with mesna)

37
Q

causes interstital nephritis

A

methicllin, NSAIDs, furosemide

38
Q

causes SIADH

A

Carbamazepine, Cyclophosphamide, SSRIs (Can’t Concentrate Serum Sodium)

39
Q

causes cinchonism

A

Quinidine, qunine

40
Q

Causes Parkinson-like syndome

A

Antipsychotics, Reserpine, Metoclopramide (Cogwheel rigidity of ARM)

41
Q

Causes seizures

A

Isoniazid (vit B6 deficiency), Buproprion, Imipenem/cilastatin, Tramadol, Enflurane, Metoclopramide (With seizures, I BITE My tongue)

42
Q

causes tardive dyskinesia

A

Antipsychotics, metoclopramide

43
Q

Cause antimuscarinic reaction

A

Atropine, TCA, H1-blocker, antipsychotics

44
Q

can cause a disulfiram like reaction

A

Metronidazole, certain cephalosporins, griseofulvin, procarbazine, 1st generation sulfonylureas

45
Q

Causes nephrotoxicity/ototoxicity

A

aminoglycosides, vancomycin, loop dieuetics, cisplatin

46
Q

List cytochrome P-450 Inducers (9)

A

Chronic alcohol use, Modafinil, St. John’s wort, Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, Nevirapine, Rifampin, Griseofulvin, Carbamazepine (Chronic alcoholic Mona Steals Phen-Phen and Never Refuses Greasy Carbs)

47
Q

List cytochrome P-450 substrates (8)

A

Anti-epileptics, Antidepressants, Antipsychotics, Anesthetics, Theophylline, Warfarin, Statins, OCPs (Always, Always, Always, Always Think When Sexting Others)

48
Q

List cytochrome P-450 inhibitors (12)

A

Acute alcohol abuse, Gemfirbozil, Ciprofloxacin, Isoniazid, Grapefruit juice, Quinidine, Amiodarone, Ketofonazole, Macrolides, Sulfonamides, Cimetidine, Ritonavir (A cute Gentleman “Cipped” Iced Grapefruit juice Quickly And Kept Munching on Soft Cinnamon Rolls - used to be MAGIC RACKS in GQ)

49
Q

List the sulfa drugs (8)

A

Probenecid, Furosemide, Acetazolamide, Celecoxib, Thiazides, Sulfonamide antibiotics, Sulfsalazine, Sulfonylureas (Popular FACTSSS)

50
Q

What can happen to patients with sulfa allergies?

A

Develop fever, UTIs, SJS, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, and urtecaria (hives). Sx range from mild to life-threatening.

51
Q

cause direct toxicity to nerves

A

vincristine and paclitaxil

Pharmacology (4 decks)

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