Pharmacology Protocols Precautions and Side Effects Flashcards
Adrenaline (epinephrine) Precautions
Adrenaline (epinephrine) Precautions
- Hypertension
- Hypovolaemic schock
- Concurrent MAOI therapy
Adrenaline (epinephrine) Side Effects
Adrenaline (epinephrine) Side Effects
- Anxiety
- Hypertension
- Palpitations/tachyarrhythmias
- Pupil dilation
- Tremor
Aspirin Precautions
Aspirin Precautions
- Pts < 18yrs
- Possible aortic aneurysm or any other condition that my require surgery
- Pregnancy
- Hx of GI bleeding or peptic ulcers
- Concurrent anticoagulant therapy (eg warfarin)
Ceftriaxone Precautions
Ceftriaxone Precautions
Nil
Ceftriaxone Side Effects
Ceftriaxone Side Effects
- Nausea and vomiting
- Pain at the IM injection site
Droperidol Precautions
Droperidol Precautions
- Current CNS depressants
- Cardiac disease
- Elderly pts
Droperidol Side Effects
Droperidol Side Effects
- Dystonic reactions (rare), eg slurred speech, anxiety, paranoia
Fentanyl Precautions
Fentanyl Precautions
- Elderly and frail (half their doses)
- Hypotension
- Respiratory tract burns
- Respiratory depression or failure
- Addiction to narcotics
- Current MAIO therapy (Monoamine oxidase inhibitors - Anti Depressants)
Fexofenadine Precautions
Fexofenadine Precautions
- Elderly patients
- Kidney disease
- Pregnant and breastfeeding
Fexofenadine Side Effects
Fexofenadine Side Effects
- Headache
- Fatigue/drowsiness
- Vomiting/nausea
Glucagon Precautions
Glucagon Precautions
Nil
Glucagon Side Effects
Glucagon Side Effects
Nil
Glucose 10% Precautions
Glucose 10% Precautions
Hyperglycaemia in large doses
Glucose 10% Side Effects
Glucose 10% Side Effects
Tissue necrosis if extravasated from vein. Check patency of IV access at all times.
Glucose Gel Precautions
Glucose Gel Precautions
Nil
Glucose Gel Side Effects
Glucose Gel Side Effects
- Nausea and vomiting
- Diarrhoea
Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN) Precautions
Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN) Precautions
- Suspected inferior MI
- Use of Viagra in previous 4 days
- Intoxication
- Cerebral Vascular Disease
Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN) Side Effects
Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN) Side Effects
- Headache
- Flushing
- Hypotension
- Syncope
- Reflex tachycardia
- Dizziness
Ibuprofen Precautions
Ibuprofen Precautions
- Asthma
- Hepatic dysfunction
- Hx GI bleeding or peptic ulcers
Ibuprofen Side Effects
Ibuprofen Side Effects
- Nausea
- Dizziness
- Dyspepsia (ie indigestion)
- GI bleeding
Ipratroprium Bromide Precautions
Ipratroprium Bromide Precautions
Glaucoma
Ipratroprium Bromide Side Effects
Ipratroprium Bromide Side Effects
- Pupil dilation
- Dry mouth
- Palpitations
Loratadine Precautions
Loratadine Precautions
- Severe hepatic impairment
- Increased risk of sedation
Loratadine Side Effects
Loratadine Side Effects
- Drowsiness
- Fatigue
- Headache
- Nausea
- Dry mouth
Methoxyflurane Precautions
Methoxyflurane Precautions
- ALOC
- Drug or alcohol affected pts
- Renal/hepatic failure in high repeated dosages
Methoxyflurane Side Effects
Methoxyflurane Side Effects
- ALOC
- Cough
Metoclopramide Precautions
Metoclopramide Precautions
- Elderly pts
- Hx of dystonic reaction to Metoclopramide
Metoclopramide Side Effects
Metoclopramide Side Effects
- Restlessness
- Drowsiness/fatigue
- Dystonic reactions (eg, facial muscle spasm, trismus, slurred speech)
Midazolam Precautions
Midazolam Precautions
- Severe respiratory depression in pts with COPD
- Reduced dosages should be used in older people, pts with chronic renal failure, congestive heart failure or shock
- Respiratory tract burns
Midazolam Side Effects
Midazolam Side Effects
- Hypertension
- Respiratory depression especially when associated with other CNS depressants including alcohol and narcotics
Morphine Precautions
Morphine Precautions
- Elderly
- Hypotension
- Known narcotic addiction
- Respiratory tract burns
- Chest pain of a cardiac nature
- Respiratory depression/failure
- Concurrent MAOI therapy
Morphine Side Effects
Morphine Side Effects
- ALOC
- Respiratory depression
- Hypotension
- Nausea and vomiting
- Miosis (excessive constriction of pupil)
- Bradycardia
- Drowsiness
Naloxone (Narcan) Precautions
Naloxone (Narcan) Precautions
Pre-existing cardiac disease
Naloxone (Narcan) Side Effects
Naloxone (Narcan) Side Effects
- Narcotic reversal may cause combativeness, vomiting, sweating, tachycardia, hypertension or withdrawal convulsions
- Pulmonary oedema
Ondansetron Precautions
Ondansetron Precautions
- Hepatic impairment
- GIT obstruction
- Current cardiac arrhythmias
Ondansetron Side Effects
Ondansetron Side Effects
- headache
- Dysrhythmias
- Constipation
- Flushing
Oxygen Precautions
Oxygen Precautions
- COPD, bleomycin lung injury or paraquat poisoning. Titrate to achieve Sp02 of 88-92%
- Avoid prolonged administration to neonates
Oxygen Side Effects
Oxygen Side Effects
- Effects the hypoxic drive in COPD pts (may result in hypopnea)
- Drying of mucous membranes
Paracetamol Precautions
Paracetamol Precautions
- Renal or hepatic disease
- Current anticoagulant therapy
Paracetamol Side Effects
Paracetamol Side Effects
- Nausea
Salbutamol Precautions
Salbutamol Precautions
- Ischaemic heart disease
- Acute pulmonary oedema
Salbutamol Side Effects
Salbutamol Side Effects
- Anxiety
- Tachyarrhythmias
- Tremors
- Hypokalaemia and metabolic acidosis
Sodium chloride 0.9% Precautions
Sodium chloride 0.9% Precautions
- Pre-existing heart failure
- Uncontrolled haemorrhage associated with severe head injury
- Pre-existing renal failure
Sodium chloride 0.9% Side Effects
Sodium chloride 0.9% Side Effects
- Fluid overload
- Haemodilution
Water for Injection Precautions
Water for Injection Precautions
Nil
Water for Injection Side Effects
Water for Injection Side Effects
Nil when used to dilute ceftriaxone for IV use
Aspirin Side Effects
Aspirin Side Effects
- Epigastric pain/discomfort
- Nausea and/or vomiting
- Gastritis
- GI bleeding
- NSAID induced bronchospasm
