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Diploma Paramedic Science > Pharmacology Protocols Precautions and Side Effects > Flashcards

Pharmacology Protocols Precautions and Side Effects Flashcards

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1
Q

Adrenaline (epinephrine) Precautions

A

Adrenaline (epinephrine) Precautions

  • Hypertension
  • Hypovolaemic schock
  • Concurrent MAOI therapy
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2
Q

Adrenaline (epinephrine) Side Effects

A

Adrenaline (epinephrine) Side Effects

  • Anxiety
  • Hypertension
  • Palpitations/tachyarrhythmias
  • Pupil dilation
  • Tremor
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3
Q

Aspirin Precautions

A

Aspirin Precautions

  • Pts < 18yrs
  • Possible aortic aneurysm or any other condition that my require surgery
  • Pregnancy
  • Hx of GI bleeding or peptic ulcers
  • Concurrent anticoagulant therapy (eg warfarin)
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4
Q

Ceftriaxone Precautions

A

Ceftriaxone Precautions

Nil

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5
Q

Ceftriaxone Side Effects

A

Ceftriaxone Side Effects

  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Pain at the IM injection site
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6
Q

Droperidol Precautions

A

Droperidol Precautions

  • Current CNS depressants
  • Cardiac disease
  • Elderly pts
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7
Q

Droperidol Side Effects

A

Droperidol Side Effects

  • Dystonic reactions (rare), eg slurred speech, anxiety, paranoia
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8
Q

Fentanyl Precautions

A

Fentanyl Precautions

  • Elderly and frail (half their doses)
  • Hypotension
  • Respiratory tract burns
  • Respiratory depression or failure
  • Addiction to narcotics
  • Current MAIO therapy (Monoamine oxidase inhibitors - Anti Depressants)
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9
Q

Fexofenadine Precautions

A

Fexofenadine Precautions

  • Elderly patients
  • Kidney disease
  • Pregnant and breastfeeding
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10
Q

Fexofenadine Side Effects

A

Fexofenadine Side Effects

  • Headache
  • Fatigue/drowsiness
  • Vomiting/nausea
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11
Q

Glucagon Precautions

A

Glucagon Precautions

Nil

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12
Q

Glucagon Side Effects

A

Glucagon Side Effects

Nil

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13
Q

Glucose 10% Precautions

A

Glucose 10% Precautions

Hyperglycaemia in large doses

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14
Q

Glucose 10% Side Effects

A

Glucose 10% Side Effects

Tissue necrosis if extravasated from vein. Check patency of IV access at all times.

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15
Q

Glucose Gel Precautions

A

Glucose Gel Precautions

Nil

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16
Q

Glucose Gel Side Effects

A

Glucose Gel Side Effects

  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Diarrhoea
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17
Q

Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN) Precautions

A

Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN) Precautions

  • Suspected inferior MI
  • Use of Viagra in previous 4 days
  • Intoxication
  • Cerebral Vascular Disease
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18
Q

Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN) Side Effects

A

Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN) Side Effects

  • Headache
  • Flushing
  • Hypotension
  • Syncope
  • Reflex tachycardia
  • Dizziness
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19
Q

Ibuprofen Precautions

A

Ibuprofen Precautions

  • Asthma
  • Hepatic dysfunction
  • Hx GI bleeding or peptic ulcers
20
Q

Ibuprofen Side Effects

A

Ibuprofen Side Effects

  • Nausea
  • Dizziness
  • Dyspepsia (ie indigestion)
  • GI bleeding
21
Q

Ipratroprium Bromide Precautions

A

Ipratroprium Bromide Precautions

Glaucoma

22
Q

Ipratroprium Bromide Side Effects

A

Ipratroprium Bromide Side Effects

  • Pupil dilation
  • Dry mouth
  • Palpitations
23
Q

Loratadine Precautions

A

Loratadine Precautions

  • Severe hepatic impairment
  • Increased risk of sedation
24
Q

Loratadine Side Effects

A

Loratadine Side Effects

  • Drowsiness
  • Fatigue
  • Headache
  • Nausea
  • Dry mouth
25
Q

Methoxyflurane Precautions

A

Methoxyflurane Precautions

  • ALOC
  • Drug or alcohol affected pts
  • Renal/hepatic failure in high repeated dosages
26
Q

Methoxyflurane Side Effects

A

Methoxyflurane Side Effects

  • ALOC
  • Cough
27
Q

Metoclopramide Precautions

A

Metoclopramide Precautions

  • Elderly pts
  • Hx of dystonic reaction to Metoclopramide
28
Q

Metoclopramide Side Effects

A

Metoclopramide Side Effects

  • Restlessness
  • Drowsiness/fatigue
  • Dystonic reactions (eg, facial muscle spasm, trismus, slurred speech)
29
Q

Midazolam Precautions

A

Midazolam Precautions

  • Severe respiratory depression in pts with COPD
  • Reduced dosages should be used in older people, pts with chronic renal failure, congestive heart failure or shock
  • Respiratory tract burns
30
Q

Midazolam Side Effects

A

Midazolam Side Effects

  • Hypertension
  • Respiratory depression especially when associated with other CNS depressants including alcohol and narcotics
31
Q

Morphine Precautions

A

Morphine Precautions

  • Elderly
  • Hypotension
  • Known narcotic addiction
  • Respiratory tract burns
  • Chest pain of a cardiac nature
  • Respiratory depression/failure
  • Concurrent MAOI therapy
32
Q

Morphine Side Effects

A

Morphine Side Effects

  • ALOC
  • Respiratory depression
  • Hypotension
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Miosis (excessive constriction of pupil)
  • Bradycardia
  • Drowsiness
33
Q

Naloxone (Narcan) Precautions

A

Naloxone (Narcan) Precautions

Pre-existing cardiac disease

34
Q

Naloxone (Narcan) Side Effects

A

Naloxone (Narcan) Side Effects

  • Narcotic reversal may cause combativeness, vomiting, sweating, tachycardia, hypertension or withdrawal convulsions
  • Pulmonary oedema
35
Q

Ondansetron Precautions

A

Ondansetron Precautions

  • Hepatic impairment
  • GIT obstruction
  • Current cardiac arrhythmias
36
Q

Ondansetron Side Effects

A

Ondansetron Side Effects

  • headache
  • Dysrhythmias
  • Constipation
  • Flushing
37
Q

Oxygen Precautions

A

Oxygen Precautions

  • COPD, bleomycin lung injury or paraquat poisoning. Titrate to achieve Sp02 of 88-92%
  • Avoid prolonged administration to neonates
38
Q

Oxygen Side Effects

A

Oxygen Side Effects

  • Effects the hypoxic drive in COPD pts (may result in hypopnea)
  • Drying of mucous membranes
39
Q

Paracetamol Precautions

A

Paracetamol Precautions

  • Renal or hepatic disease
  • Current anticoagulant therapy
40
Q

Paracetamol Side Effects

A

Paracetamol Side Effects

  • Nausea
41
Q

Salbutamol Precautions

A

Salbutamol Precautions

  • Ischaemic heart disease
  • Acute pulmonary oedema
42
Q

Salbutamol Side Effects

A

Salbutamol Side Effects

  • Anxiety
  • Tachyarrhythmias
  • Tremors
  • Hypokalaemia and metabolic acidosis
43
Q

Sodium chloride 0.9% Precautions

A

Sodium chloride 0.9% Precautions

  • Pre-existing heart failure
  • Uncontrolled haemorrhage associated with severe head injury
  • Pre-existing renal failure
44
Q

Sodium chloride 0.9% Side Effects

A

Sodium chloride 0.9% Side Effects

  • Fluid overload
  • Haemodilution
45
Q

Water for Injection Precautions

A

Water for Injection Precautions

Nil

46
Q

Water for Injection Side Effects

A

Water for Injection Side Effects

Nil when used to dilute ceftriaxone for IV use

47
Q

Aspirin Side Effects

A

Aspirin Side Effects

  • Epigastric pain/discomfort
  • Nausea and/or vomiting
  • Gastritis
  • GI bleeding
  • NSAID induced bronchospasm

Diploma Paramedic Science (8 decks)

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