Pharmacology of Parathyroid & Metabolic Bone Disorders Flashcards
Cholecalciferol is the ____________ form of vitamin D.
precursor (i.e., without either hydroxyl group)
Vitamin D ___________ the release and production of PTH.
decreases
The major effect of estrogen on bone is ________________, though they also increase the number of osteocytes.
decreased number and activity of osteoclasts
Estrogens increase osteoblast production of ___________.
osteoprotegerin
In addition to antagonizing vitamin D, glucocorticoids also decrease bone density by _____________.
stimulating the overproduction of RANK and underproduction of osteoprotegerin
Non-pharmacologic therapy of osteoporosis should include _______________.
dietary intake of 1,500 mg of calcium and 1,000 IU of vitamin D; weight-bearing exercise; and smoking cessation
Denosumab is a _____________.
monoclonal antibody to the RANK-L
______________ bind to sites on bone and prevent bone resorption.
Bisphosphonates
Bisphosphonates are not recommended in those with _________________.
renal deficiency
When would you use SERMs (instead of bisphosphonates or estrogens)?
In a patient who can’t tolerate bisphosphonates or is at risk of breast cancer (which estrogen can cause)
After a few days of treatment, “escape” can occur from use of ______________.
calcitonin
In which part of the nephron does PTH act to increase calcium resorption?
DCT
How does cinacalcet work?
It increases the sensitivity of the PTH CaSR, thus decreasing the release of PTH.
Calcitonin excess or deficiency is usually _____________.
asymptomatic
Teriparatide is a ____________ analog.
PTH (because PTH in intermittent doses actually promotes bone growth)
