Pharmacology of Anxiolytics

Question 1

Define tolerance

Answer 1

physiological reaction (neuroadaption) characterized by decrease in effects of drug with chronic administration

Question 2

Define Dependence

Answer 2

Induces a rewarding experience thus physiologically/physically required

Question 3

Define Withdrawal

Answer 3

Adverse effects (anxiety/depression exacerbation/disturbed sleep/pain/stiffness/convulsions) upon removal of a drug

Question 4

What is the MOA of Diazepam

Answer 4

Bind BZD binding site on pentameric GABA (GABRA1-3/GABRB1-2) ≈ Cl- ion influx ≈ hyperpolarisation

Question 5

What is the MOA of Zopiclone

Answer 5

Bind BZD binding site on pentameric GABA (GABRA1-3/GABRB1-2) ≈ Cl- ion influx ≈ hyperpolarisation

Question 6

What is the MOA of Lorazepam

Answer 6

Bind BZD binding site on pentameric GABA (GABRA1-3/GABRB1-2) ≈ Cl- ion influx ≈ hyperpolarisation

Question 7

Where is Diazepam metabolised?

Answer 7

Liver

Question 8

Where is Diazepam excreted?

Answer 8

Renal

Question 9

Where is Zopiclone metabolised?

Answer 9

Liver

Question 10

Where is Zopiclone excreted?

Answer 10

Renal

Question 11

Give the common SEs of Benzodiazepines

Answer 11

Tolerance

Dependence

Withdrawal

Anterograde amnesia

Anticonvulsant

Hypnotic (a1)