Pharmacology & Nursing Role Flashcards
What is pharmacology?
Study of drugs and their interactions with living systems.
What is a drug?
Any chemical that can affect living processes
What is clinical pharmacology?
Study if drugs in humans
What are therapeutics?
The use of drugs to diagnosis, prevent, or treat disease or to prevent pregnancy.
There most important properties of an ideal drug:
Effectiveness
Safety
Selectivity
What are some additional properties of an ideal drug?
Reversible action
Predictability
Ease of administration
Low cost
Is there an ideal drug?
No
The objective of drug therapy is what?
Provide maximum benefit with minimum harm.
When giving administering a medication important determinants of drug responses are:
Dosage, size of person, route and timing.
What does pharmacokinetics involve?
Drug movement through the body and gets to it’s site of action (what the body does to the drug).
Ex. Absorption process.
What is the absorption process?
Process that occurs from the time of a drug enters the body to the time it enters the bloodstream to be circulated.
What is pharmacodynamics?
Impact of drugs on the body.
Ex. Drugs exert their effects by chemically binding with receptor cells
What are sources if individual variation?
Physiologic (age, gender weight)
Pathological (diminished function of kidneys and liver)
Genetic
Drug interactions.
How can genetic variables affect individual variation?
Can alter metabolism of drugs and predispose patient to unique interactions.
True or false. There is no such thing as a safe drug?
True. A drugs can cause harm
True or false. There is no such thing as a selective drug.
True. All drugs can have side effects.
Why must drug therapy be tailored to each individual?
All patients are unique.
Nursing responsibilities regarding drugs are what three things.
Appropriate medications for patient
Contraindicated drugs
Probable consequences of interaction btw drug and patient.
Where are the two major areas that pharmacologic knowledge can be applied?
Patient care
Patient education
Application of pharmacology in patient care includes:
Pre administration assessment Dosage and administration Evaluating and promoting therapeutic effects Minimizing adverse effects Minimizing adverse interactions Making PRN decisions Managing toxicity
Application of pharmacology in patient education includes:
Drug name and therapeutic category
Dosage size
Dosing schedule
Route and technique of administration
Expected therapeutic response and when it should develop
Nondrug measures to enhance therapeutic responses
(Additional) application of pharmacology in patient education include:
Duration if treatment
Method of drug storage
Symptoms of major adverse effects and measures to minimize harm
Major adverse drug-drug and drug-food interactions
Who to contact in even of therapeutic failure/reactions
What are the steps of applying nursing process in drug therapy?
Preadministration assessment Analysis and nursing diagnoses Planning Implementation Evaluation
What are some components of client assessment in drug therapy?
Observing/interviewing client
Completing a physical assessment
Review MAR
