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SPU/PHEC > Pharmacology Drug Studies > Flashcards

Pharmacology Drug Studies Flashcards

1
Q

Diclofenac

A

Generic: Diclofenac
Brand: Voltaren

Classification: NSAID, Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic

MOA: Inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) enzymes, reducing the synthesis of prostaglandins.

Indications: Mild to moderate pain (e.g., musculoskeletal pain, post-operative pain)
Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, Migraine

Contraindications: Sensitivity to NSAIDs, Hx of NSAID induced bronchospasm, Active GI Bleeding, Cardiovascular disease.

Routes of Administration: Oral, Topical main two, also less common IM and Ophthalmic (eye) drops.

Pharmacokinetics:
ADME,
A: Rapid oral absorption
D: diffuses in and out of synovial fluid, highly protein bound
M: Hepatic via CYP2C9 (?)
E: Mainly renal (through kidneys)
Half-life 1-2 hours.

Dosage:
Oral: 50 mg TID, Max Daily Dose 150mg
Topical: 1% gel 2-4g QID, Patch BID to affected area.

Adverse Effects: Indigestion, Nausea, Stomach Ulcers, GI bleeds, Edema

Drug Interactions:
Anticoagulants, increased bleeding risk
ACE Inhibitors, reduced antihypertensive effect
Diuretics, reduced efficacy
Corticosteroids, increased risk of stomach ulcers

Monitoring Parameters: GI symptoms such as GI bleeds

Patient Counseling:
Take with food to reduce GI irritation
Avoid Alcohol
Watch for signs of GI bleeding.

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2
Q

Etodolac

A

Generic: Etodolac
Brand: Ultradol

Classification: NSAID, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory

MOA: Selective COX-2 inhibitor, meaning it primarily inhibits (COX-2) over COX-1. This reduces prostaglandin synthesis.

Indications: Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, Acute pain

Contraindications: Sensitivity to NSAIDs, Hx of NSAID induced bronchospasm, Active GI Bleeding, Cardiovascular disease.

Routes of Administration: Oral

Pharmacokinetics:
ADME,
A: Rapid oral absorption
D: highly protein bound
M: Hepatic via CYP2C9 (?)
E: Mainly renal and partly fecal
Half-life 6-8 hours.

Dosage: Arthritis: 300-600mg BID or TID (max 1000mg/day)
Acute Pain: 200-400mg PO q6h/q8h PRN (max 1,000 mg/day)

Adverse Effects: Indigestion, Nausea, Stomach Ulcers, GI bleeds, Edema

Drug Interactions:
Anticoagulants, increased bleeding risk
ACE Inhibitors, reduced antihypertensive effect
Diuretics, reduced efficacy
Corticosteroids, increased risk of stomach ulcers

Monitoring Parameters: GI symptoms such as GI bleeds

Patient Counseling:
Take with food to reduce GI irritation
Avoid Alcohol
Watch for signs of GI bleeding.

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3
Q

Indomethacine

A

Generic: Indomethacine
Brand: Indocid

Classification: NSAID, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory

MOA: Non-selective COX inhibitor, blocking both cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2 enzymes. This reduces prostaglandin synthesis.

Indications: Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, bursitis, tendinitis

Contraindications: Sensitivity to NSAIDs, Hx of NSAID induced bronchospasm, Active GI Bleeding, Cardiovascular disease.

Routes of Administration: Oral, Rectal, (& in very special cases IV).

Pharmacokinetics:
ADME,
A: Rapid oral absorption
D: highly protein bound
M: Hepatic via CYP2C9 (?)
E: Mainly renal and partly fecal
Half-life 4.5-6 hours.

Dosage: 25-50mg BID or TID (max 200mg/day)

Adverse Effects: High risk of stomach ulcers, Nausea, GI bleeds, Headache, Dizziness, confusion.

Drug Interactions:
Anticoagulants, increased bleeding risk
ACE Inhibitors, reduced antihypertensive effect
Diuretics, reduced efficacy
Corticosteroids, increased risk of stomach ulcers

Monitoring Parameters: GI symptoms such as GI bleeds

Patient Counseling:
Take with food to reduce GI irritation
Avoid Alcohol
Watch for signs of GI bleeding.

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4
Q

Ketorolac

A

Generic: Ketorolac
Brand: Toradol

Classification: NSAID, Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic

MOA: Potent non-selective COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor, reducing prostaglandin synthesis

Indications: Short-term management of moderate to severe acute pain

Contraindications: Sensitivity to NSAIDs, Hx of NSAID induced bronchospasm, Active GI Bleeding, Cardiovascular disease.

Routes of Administration:
Oral
IV
IM
Intranasal
Ophthalmic (eye) drops.

Pharmacokinetics:
ADME,
A: Rapid with IM/IV
D: highly protein bound
M: Hepatic
E: Mainly renal
Half-life 2-6 hours.

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

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5
Q

Sulindac

A

Generic: Sulindac
Brand: Clinoril

Classification: NSAID, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

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6
Q

Celecoxib

A

Generic: Celecoxib
Brand: Celebrex

Classification: NSAID COX-2 selective, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

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7
Q

Acide Mefenamique

A

Generic: Acide Mefenamique
Brand: Ponstan

Classification: NSAID, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

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8
Q

Floctafenine

A

Generic: Floctafenine
Brand: Idarac

Classification: NSAID, Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

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9
Q

Nabumetone

A

Generic: Nabumetone
Brand: Relafen

Classification: NSAID, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

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10
Q

Meloxicam

A

Generic: Meloxicam
Brand: Mobicox

Classification: NSAID, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

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11
Q

Piroxicam

A

Generic: Piroxicam
Brand: Feldene

Classification: NSAID, Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

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12
Q

Tenoxicam

A

Generic: Tenoxicam
Brand: Mobiflex

Classification: NSAID, Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

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13
Q

Flurbiprofene

A

Generic: Flurbiprofene
Brand: Ansaid

Classification: NSAID, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

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14
Q

Ibuprofene

A

Generic: Ibuprofene
Brand: Motrin/Advil

Classification: NSAID, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, Antipyretic

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

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15
Q

Ketoprofene

A

Generic: Ketoprofene
Brand: Orudis

Classification: NSAID, Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

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16
Q

Naproxen

A

Generic: Naproxen
Brand: Naprosyn/Anaprox

Classification: NSAID, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

17
Q

Acide Tiaprofenique

A

Generic: Acide Tiaprofenique
Brand: Surgam

Classification: NSAID, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

18
Q

Acide Acetylsalicylique

A

Generic: Acide Acetylsalicylique
Brand: Aspirin/Asaphen/Rivasa/Entrophen

Classification: Analgesic, NSAID, Antipyretic, Antiplatelet

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

19
Q

Diflunsial

A

Generic: Diflunsial
Brand: Dolobid

Classification: NSAID, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

20
Q

Alprazolam

A

Generic: Alprazolam
Brand: Xanax

Classification: Benzodiazepine

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

21
Q

Bromazepam

A

Generic: Bromazepam
Brand: Lectopam

Classification: Benzodiazepine

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

22
Q

Chlordiazepoxide

A

Generic: Chlordiazepoxide
Brand: Librium

Classification: Benzodiazepine

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

23
Q

Clobazam

A

Generic: Clobazam
Brand: Frisium

Classification: Benzodiazepine, Anticonvulsant

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

24
Q

Clonazepam

A

Generic: Clonazepam
Brand: Rivotril

Classification: Benzodiazepine

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

25
Q

Clorazepate

A

Generic: Clorazepate
Brand: Tranxene

Classification: Benzodiazepine

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

26
Q

Diazepam

A

Generic: Diazepam
Brand: Valium/Diastat

Classification: Benzodiazepine, Antianxiety, Anticonvulsant

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

27
Q

Flurazepam

A

Generic: Flurazepam
Brand: Dalmane

Classification: Benzodiazepine

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

28
Q

Lorazepam

A

Generic: Lorazepam
Brand: Ativan

Classification: Benzodiazepine, Antianxiety

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

29
Q

Midazolam

A

Generic: Midazolam
Brand: Versed

Classification: Benzodiazepine

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

30
Q

Nitrazepam

A

Generic: Nitrazepam
Brand: Mogadon

Classification: Benzodiazepine

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

31
Q

Oxazepam

A

Generic: Oxazepam
Brand: Serax

Classification: Benzodiazepine

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

32
Q

Temazepam

A

Generic: Temazepam
Brand: Restoril

Classification: Benzodiazepine

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

33
Q

Triazolam

A

Generic: Triazolam
Brand: Halcion

Classification: Benzodiazepine

MOA:

Indications:

Contraindications:

Routes of Administration:

Pharmacokinetics:

Dosage:

Adverse Effects:

Drug Interactions:

Monitoring Parameters:

Patient Counseling:

Conclusion:

References:

SPU/PHEC (10 decks)

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