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USMLE Step 1 > Pharmacology: Autonomic drugs > Flashcards

Pharmacology: Autonomic drugs Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Bethanechol

A

Direct cholinergic agonist

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2
Q

Carbachol

A

Direct cholinergic agonist

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3
Q

Pilocarpine

A

Direct cholinergic agonist

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4
Q

Methacholine

A

Direct cholinergic agonist

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5
Q

Neostigmine

A

Indirect cholinergic agonist (AChEI)

  • No CNS penetration!
  • For reversal of NMJ junction blockade (post-op)
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6
Q

Pyridostigmine

A

Indirect cholinergic agonist (AChEI)

- Myasthenia gravis

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7
Q

Edrophonium

A

Indirect cholinergic agonist (AChEI)

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8
Q

Physostigmine

A

Indirect cholinergic agonist (AChEI)

- Atropine OD

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9
Q

Echothiophate

A

Indirect cholinergic agonist (AChEI)

- Glaucoma (contricts pupil)

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10
Q

Donepezil

A

Indirect cholinergic agonist (AChEI)

- AD

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11
Q

Pralidoxime

A

Reactivates inhibited AchE

- Use with atropine for organophosphate poisoning

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12
Q

Atropine

A

Muscarinic antagonist - eye, airway, stomach, gut, bladder

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13
Q

Homatropine

A

Muscarinic antagonist - eye

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14
Q

Tropicamide

A

Muscarinic antagonist - eye

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15
Q

Benztropine

A

Muscarinic antagonist - CNS

  • Dystonia
  • Parkinson’s (2nd line, improves tremor, not rigidity and bradycardia)
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16
Q

Scopolamine

A

Muscarinic antagonist - CNS

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17
Q

Ipratropium

A

Muscarinic antagonist - lung

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18
Q

Oxybutynin

A

Muscarinic antagonist - GU

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19
Q

Glycopurrolate

A

Muscarinic antagonist - GU

- Reduce urgency in mild cystitis and reduce bladder spasms

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20
Q

Methscoplolamine

A

Muscarinic antagonist - GI

- PUD

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21
Q

Pirenzepine

A

Muscarinic antagonist - GI

- PUD

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22
Q

Propantheline

A

Muscarinic antagonist - GI

- PUD

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23
Q

Toxicity of anticholinergics

A

Hot, dry, red, blind, mad

  • Hyperthemia
  • Urinary retention
  • Constipation
  • Flushed skin (decr vasoconstriction)
  • Cycloplegia
  • Acute angle closer glaucoma
  • Disorientation
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24
Q

Epinephrine

A

Non-selective Alpha1/2, Beta1/2
Low dose: Beta2 > Alpha1 (vasodilatatory)
High dose: Alpha1 > Beta2 (vasocontrictive)

25
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Alpha1/2 > Beta1

26
Q

Isoproterenol

A

Beta1/2 selective

  • B1: tachycardia
  • B2: relaxes bronchial smooth muscle
27
Q

Dobutamine

A

Beta1 selective, minor Beta2 and Alpha1/2 effects

- Cardiac stress testing

28
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Alpha1>2 selective

  • Pupillary dilation
  • Vascocontriction
  • Decongestant (2/2 vasoconstriction)
  • Cardiac stress testing
29
Q

Dopamine

A

Low: D1
Med: Beta1/2
High: Alpha1/2

30
Q

Metaproterenol

A 
Beta2 agonist (some Beta1)
- Acute asthma (MAST)
31
Q

Albuterol

A 
Beta2 agonist (some Beta1)
- Acute asthma (MAST)
32
Q

Salmeterol

A 
Beta2 agonist (some Beta1)
- Long-term asthma management (MAST)
33
Q

Terbutaline

A 
Beta2 agonist (some Beta1)
- For premature uterine contractions (MAST)
34
Q

Ritodrine

A 
Beta2 agonist (pure)
- Decr premature uterine contractions
35
Q

Amphetamine

A

Indirect sympathomimetic (release stored catecholamines)

36
Q

Ephedrine

A

Indirect sympathomimetic (release stored catecholamines)

37
Q

Cocaine

A

Indirect sympathomimetic (uptake inhibitor)

38
Q

NorE vs. Isoproterenol vs. Phenelephrine?

A

NorE: alpha > beta1 (no beta2)
Isoproterenol: beta1/2 only
Phenelephrine: alpha only

39
Q

Clonidine

A

Central apha2-agonist, sympathoplegic

40
Q

Alpha-methyldopa

A

Central apha2-agonist, sympathoplegic

41
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

Irreversible alpha-blocker

- Before pheochromocytoma removal

42
Q

Phentolamine

A

Reversible alpha-blocker

- Reverse MAOI tyramine-food OD

43
Q

Prazosin

A

Alpha1-selective blocker

  • HTN, BPH,
  • First dose orthostatic hypotension
44
Q

Terazosin

A

Alpha1-selective blocker

  • HTN, BPH,
  • First dose orthostatic hypotension
45
Q

Doxazosin

A

Alpha1-selective blocker

  • HTN, BPH,
  • First dose orthostatic hypotension
46
Q

Mirtazapine

A

Alpha2-selective blocker

47
Q

Acebutolol

A

Beta1-selective blocker with partial Beta-AGonist activity

48
Q

Betaxolol

A

Beta1-selective blocker

49
Q

Esmolol

A

Beta1-selective blocker

50
Q

Atenolol

A

Beta1-selective blocker

51
Q

Metoprolol

A

Beta1-selective blocker

52
Q

Propanolol

A

Beta1/2-nonselective blocker

53
Q

Timolol

A

Beta1/2-nonselective blocker

54
Q

Nadolol

A

Beta1/2-nonselective blocker

55
Q

Pindolol

A

Beta1/2-nonselective blocker with partial Beta-AGonist activity

56
Q

Cavedilol

A

Alpha and Beta-nonselective blocker

- CHF

57
Q

Labetalol

A

Alpha and Beta-nonselective blocker

- HTN

58
Q

The two beta blockers with partial beta-agonist activity

A

Pindolol

Acebutolol

USMLE Step 1 (13 decks)

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