Pharmacology-Antiarrhythmic Flashcards
Anti-arrhythmic drugs are often used to treat
atrial arrhythmias
Anti-arrhythmic drugs have a potential to affect______ and may produce _______side effects
LV function
Pro-dysrhythmic
From Class 1-4, name the classes in order
Sodium
Beta
Potassium
Calcium
(shay better pass this class)
List subclass Sodium Channel Blockers in order from most potent to least
1C
1A
1B
Class 1 Sodium blockers are
negative Inotropes
MOA of Sodium Blockers
Bind to and block fast Na+ channels (keeps them in an inactive state)
decrease the slope of phase 0
decrease size of AP
decrease conduction velocity
cells have a harder time depolarizing
Negative Inotropes
decrease LV function
Some Na+ blockers act on _____channels
K+
With Na+channel blockers, class 1A prolongs phase_____, the refractory period
Class 1B shortens phase ____, the refractory period
3
Nodal cells are NOT dependent on
Fast Na+ channels
Class 1A drugs slows conduction velocity by prolonging _____ and __________
repolarization; duration of action potential
Class 1A often treats
Afib, Aflutter, SVT and VT
Class 1A have ______________effects, which can cause tachycardia
Anticholinergic
What are common Class 1A drugs
Quinidine
Procainamide
Disopyramide
Quinidine, a class 1A Na+ blocker slows the _____rate and is an ___________, which can cause vasodilation and HOTN
atrial rate; alpha 1 antagonist
What are the side effects of Quinidine, a class 1A Na+ blocker?
Anticholinergic
Torsades
Cinchonism (blurred vision, HA, tinnitus)
prolongs QT & QRS
Quinidine, a class 1A Na+ blocker is used to treat acute/chronic ______________ & ____________
SV arrhythmias
New onset Afib
Procainamide, a class 1A Na+ blocker slows __________rate and prolongs______
Ventricular; QRS
What are side effects of Procainamide?
HOTN
Myocardial depression
Vfib
SLE, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia (w/chronic administration)
Watch renal function
Drug fever/rash
N/V
Potential for Ventric asystole/fib
What is the metabolite of Procainamide?
NAPA metabolite
Disopyramide, a class 1A Na+ blocker slows_____&______ and can precipitate _____&______
atrial and ventricular rate;
CHF & HOTN
What are the side effects of disopyramide, a class 1A Na+ blocker?
Myocardial Depression
Anticholinergic
Prolong QT
Vtach
Dry Mouth
Urinary hesitancy
Blurred vision
Nausea
What are the medications that are 1B Na+ blockers
Lidocaine
Mexiletine
Tocainide
Phenytoin
When are class 1B drugs best used
work better in ischemic cells
Class 1B drugs have minimal effect on conduction velocity in normal cells and shortens _____&______
repolarization & AP duration
MOA of Class 1B Na+ blockers
bind inactivated Na+ channels in ischemic cells and maintain state
1B Na+ blockers treat
V-tachyarrhythmias associated w/MIs
All 1B Na+ blockers slow_________rate
Ventricular
What is the dose of Lidocaine?
2mg/kg IV
1-4mg/min IV
What are the side effects of Lidocaine?
Assess for LAST
What are side effects of Tocainide & Mexiletine, class 1B Na+ blockers
synergistic effects w/BB
Pulmonary fibrosis w/toc
Phenytoin act similar to
Lidocaine
What are side effects of Phenytoin
CNS related (vertigo, sedation, confusion, nystagmus, and ataxia)
Class 1C Na+ blockers slows conduction velocity and treats
life-threatening ventricular & SVT
Class 1C Na+ blockers can cause
other dysrhythmias
pro-dysrhythmic effects
Examples of 1C Na+ blockers
Flecainide
Propafenone
Moricizine
Flecainide, 1C Na+ blocker, slows______ and treats________
atrial; PVCs and SVT
What are side effects of Flecainide, a class 1C Na+ blocker
Negative Inotrope
Depressed SA node
Vtach
Blurred Vision
Propafenone and Moricizine, class 1C Na+ blockers, slow_______
Ventricular rates
What are side effects of Propafenone
Dysrhythmias
CHF exacerbation
Blurred Vision