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Anesthesia- Antiarrythmics > Lipid Lowering Medications > Flashcards

Lipid Lowering Medications Flashcards

1
Q

Cholesterol and triglycerides attach to this soluble protein

A

(apo)lipoprotein

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2
Q

What are bad lipoproteins

A

VLDL
IDL
LDL

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3
Q

Lipid Metabolism Exogenous means

A

through the diet

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4
Q

Remnants of lipoproteins are excreted through

A

the bile

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5
Q

Dyslipidemia is an elevation in

or

decrease in

A

Elevation in :Total cholesterol, LDL, TG, lipoprotein (a)

Decrease: HDL, apoA

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6
Q

What are risk factors of dyslipidemia

A

familial
genetic
diet
endocrine/hepatic/renal/metabolic disorders

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7
Q

Statins are knows as

A

HMG CoA reductase Inhibitors

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8
Q

MOA of statins

A

competitive inhibition of HMG CoA enzyme

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9
Q

Low intracellular cholesterol will causes cells to _______ the number of LDL receptors, removing excess_________from the plasma

A

upregulates
LDL

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10
Q

Statins lower______
raise_______and reduce___________

A

LDL & TGs
raise HDL
reduce cardiac events

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11
Q

What medications are statins

A

Simvastatin
Atorvastatin
Lovastatin
Pravastatin

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12
Q

Side effects of statins

A

Muscular
Myalgia
Rhabdo
common hepatic issues like
elevated LFTs
GI upset common

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13
Q

Bile Acid Resins often have prefix

A

COLE-s

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14
Q

MOA of Bile Acid Resins

A

Bind bile acids in the initestines
Prevent enterohepatic recycling of bile acids

upregulation occurs

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15
Q

Bile Acid Reins lower

A

LDL

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16
Q

What medications are considered Bile Acid Resins

A

Cholestyramine
Colestipol
Colesevelam

17
Q

What are side effects of Bile Acid Resins

A

Nausea
GI upset
Constipation
Decreased absorption of drugs
like fat soluble vitamins
Transient increase in LFTs

18
Q

MOA of Ezetimibe

A

Inhibits NPC1L1 and cholesterol absorption

leads to upregulation

19
Q

Ezetimibe lowers and usually combined with

A

lowers LDL & TGs
combined w/statins to improve CVD

20
Q

Side effects of ezetimibe

A

diarrhea and elevated liver enzymes

21
Q

MOA of fibrates

A

Activate PPAR-alpha, which changes the genetic expression

oxidation of FFA decreases inflammation

decreased hepatic synthesis of TGs

increases expression of lipoprotein lipase

increases synthesis of HDL

22
Q

what are the effects of fibrates

A

reduced TGs and LDL
increase HDL

23
Q

what medications are known as fibrates

A

Gemfibrozil
Fenofibrate
Bezafibrate

24
Q

What are the side effects of fibrates

A

myopathy
rhabdo
gallstones
GI upset
increased LFTs
increased warfarin
anticoagulation

25
Q

Niacin is also known as

A

Vit B3

26
Q

Niacin MOA

A

Inhibits release of fatty acids from adipose

decreases FFA uptake by liver

decreases TG synthesis by liver

27
Q

Niacin lowers and raises

A

lowers TGs and LDL

raises HDL

28
Q
A

Anesthesia- Antiarrythmics (4 decks)

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