Lipid Lowering Medications Flashcards
Cholesterol and triglycerides attach to this soluble protein
(apo)lipoprotein
What are bad lipoproteins
VLDL
IDL
LDL
Lipid Metabolism Exogenous means
through the diet
Remnants of lipoproteins are excreted through
the bile
Dyslipidemia is an elevation in
or
decrease in
Elevation in :Total cholesterol, LDL, TG, lipoprotein (a)
Decrease: HDL, apoA
What are risk factors of dyslipidemia
familial
genetic
diet
endocrine/hepatic/renal/metabolic disorders
Statins are knows as
HMG CoA reductase Inhibitors
MOA of statins
competitive inhibition of HMG CoA enzyme
Low intracellular cholesterol will causes cells to _______ the number of LDL receptors, removing excess_________from the plasma
upregulates
LDL
Statins lower______
raise_______and reduce___________
LDL & TGs
raise HDL
reduce cardiac events
What medications are statins
Simvastatin
Atorvastatin
Lovastatin
Pravastatin
Side effects of statins
Muscular
Myalgia
Rhabdo
common hepatic issues like
elevated LFTs
GI upset common
Bile Acid Resins often have prefix
COLE-s
MOA of Bile Acid Resins
Bind bile acids in the initestines
Prevent enterohepatic recycling of bile acids
upregulation occurs
Bile Acid Reins lower
LDL
What medications are considered Bile Acid Resins
Cholestyramine
Colestipol
Colesevelam
What are side effects of Bile Acid Resins
Nausea
GI upset
Constipation
Decreased absorption of drugs
like fat soluble vitamins
Transient increase in LFTs
MOA of Ezetimibe
Inhibits NPC1L1 and cholesterol absorption
leads to upregulation
Ezetimibe lowers and usually combined with
lowers LDL & TGs
combined w/statins to improve CVD
Side effects of ezetimibe
diarrhea and elevated liver enzymes
MOA of fibrates
Activate PPAR-alpha, which changes the genetic expression
oxidation of FFA decreases inflammation
decreased hepatic synthesis of TGs
increases expression of lipoprotein lipase
increases synthesis of HDL
what are the effects of fibrates
reduced TGs and LDL
increase HDL
what medications are known as fibrates
Gemfibrozil
Fenofibrate
Bezafibrate
What are the side effects of fibrates
myopathy
rhabdo
gallstones
GI upset
increased LFTs
increased warfarin
anticoagulation
Niacin is also known as
Vit B3
Niacin MOA
Inhibits release of fatty acids from adipose
decreases FFA uptake by liver
decreases TG synthesis by liver
Niacin lowers and raises
lowers TGs and LDL
raises HDL
