Pharmacology Flashcards
What is the most commonly used antibiotic for eye infections?
Chloramphenicol
What is the treatment for glaucoma?
Beta blockers Sympathomimetics Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors Prostaglandin analogues Miotics
What are the mydriatics (to dilate pupils)?
Tropicamide
Cyclopentolate
Atropine
What is a miotic (to constrict pupils)?
Pilocarpine
Which eye conditions are steroids used for?
Post-op cataracts (pred)
Uveitis
Corneal graft rejection
Temporal arteritis
What are the local eye side effects of steroids?
Cataracts
Glaucoma
Exacerbation of viral infection
What are some systemic side effects of steroids?
Gastric ulceration Immunosuppression Osteoporosis Weight gain Diabetes Neuropsychiatric effets
What is the treatment for chronic glaucoma?
First line: Prostanoids (e.g. latanoprost)
Second line: beta blockers
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (dorzolamide, acetazolamide)
What drugs are given intravitreally?
Antibiotics in endophthalmitis
Intraocular steroids
Anti-VEGF (wet macular degeneration)
How do mydriatics work?
Cause pupil dilation by blocking parasympathetic supply to iris
What are the side effects of mydriatics?
Cycloplegia (stop lens from focusing)
Blurring pf vision
Acute angle closure glaucoma (rare)
What should you never give in herpetic keratitis?
Steroids
