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Pulmonary > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Clinical sign that differentiates left pulmonary hypertension from right sided

A

Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure

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2
Q

Drug of choice for primary pulmonary hypertension, by inhibiting pulmonary arteriolar smooth muscle proliferation

A

Endothelin receptor antagonists (bosentan)

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3
Q

Only pathogenic fungus that has polysaccharide capsule

A

Cryptococus neoformans

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4
Q

Difference between the two stains used for Cryptococcus diagnosis

A
  • Highlighted clear halo with India ink

- Red capsule with Mucircarmine stain

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5
Q

Mechanism of action of omalizumab

A

Binds IgE and blocks the binding to FCERI

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6
Q

Mechanism of action of inhaled corticosteroids

A

Inactivate NFkB (transcription factor that produces TNFa)

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7
Q

Mechanism of action of Zileuton

A

Blocks conversion of arachidonic acid to leukotriens

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8
Q

Mechanism of action of Montelukast

A

Blocks leukotriane receptors (cys LT1)

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9
Q

Mechanism of action of Cromolyn

A

Preventa mast cell degranulation

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10
Q

Viruses that belong to Paramyxovirus family

A

Parainfluenza virus
RSV virus
Measles/Mumps

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11
Q

Mechanism of action of Methacholine

A

Muscarinic cholinergic agonist= bronchoconstriction

Asthma px = hyperresponsivity

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12
Q

Classical findings of Histoplasmosis

A

Mold in environment, yeast at body temperature
Ohio & Mississippi River Valleys
Bats and caves
Macrophages with intracellular small yeasts

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13
Q

Clinical and histological findings of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

A 
Collagen deposition/honeycomb
Bronchiectasis
Digital clubbing
Focal fibroblastic proliferation 
Hyperplasia of type 2 pneumocytes
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14
Q

Glycosyltransferase

A

Role in peptidoglycan synthesis, component of bacterial cell wall

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15
Q

Lacks peptidoglycan cell wall

A

Mycoplasma genus

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16
Q

Mechanism of action of Etomidate

A

GABA agonist. Hemodynamically neutral

Inhibits cortisol synthesis

17
Q

Next step in a gestant px with a positive screening test for Group B strep colonization

A

Intrapartum ab (penicilin/ampicillin)

18
Q

Characteristics of Blastomyces dermatitidis

A

Broad base budding
Granulomatous nodules
Immunocompetent host
Mississippi and Ohio river

19
Q

Major virulence factor of Step pneumoniae

A

Capsule, protects vs phagocytosis

20
Q

Gram +, diplococcus, catalase -, partial hemolysis, optochin sensitive and bile soluble

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

21
Q

Histological findings of sarcoidosis

A

Noncaseating granulomas (aggregates of epitheioid macrophages with multinuceated giant cells)

22
Q

Asbestos exposure increases risk of which type of cancer

A

Broncogenic carcinoma > mesothelioma

Pulmonary (3 decks)

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