Pharmacology

Question 1

Flutamide

Answer 1

competitive inhibitor of testosterone at the nuclear receptor

Question 2

Leuprolide

Answer 2

GnRH agonist

Question 3

finasteride and dutasteride

Answer 3

5-alfa-reductase inhibitors

Question 5

A 65-year-old menopausal woman comes to you with the diagnosis of breast cancer. You will prescribe her which drugs?

Answer 5

Aromatase inhibitors (anastrozole)

Question 6

A 65-year-old menopausal woman comes to you with the diagnosis of breast cancer. You will prescribe her which drugs?

Answer 6

Antiadrogen receptor antagonists (Flutamide)

Question 7

What are the estradiol biological effects? (4)

Answer 7

gonadal: female tract devleopment
central: reduces secretion of gonodotropins

Lipids: increase tryglicerides and HDL, decrease LDL

Coagulation: increase coagulation blood proteins

Question 8

Actions of the emergency contraception (3)

Answer 8

inhibit the ovulation ( if used before LH surges)

decrease receptive of uterine tubes and endometrium

altered cervical mucous gland function

Question 9

What are the anti-estrogens? (3)

Answer 9

Receptor antagonists (full antagonist, modulators)

aromatase inhibitors

GnRh agonist

Question 10

Tamoxifen (agonist and antagonist actions)

Answer 10

antagonist→ estrogen receptor in breast tissue

agonist→estrogen receptor in endometrial tissue

Question 11

tamoxifen side effects (agonist and antagonist)

Answer 11

antagonist: Hot flashes,present osteoporosis
agonist: increases risk of endometrial cancer adn venous thrombosis

Question 13

Clomifene (selective estrogen receptor modulators) actions (2)

Answer 13

Reduces negative feedback in pituitary, increases LH adn FSH

induces ovulation in anovulatory women

Question 14

exemple of pure estrogen antagonist receptor

Answer 14

fulvestrant

Question 15

example of a medication that is a synthesis inhibitor of estrogen

Answer 15

Anastrozole

Question 16

Anastrozole features

Answer 16

nonsteroidal competitive aromatase inhibitor

use for breast cancer

Question 17

Whats is leuprolide and his site of action?

Answer 17

GnRH analogue

continuous stimulation of GnRH receptors supress secretion

Question 18

Example of a antiprogestin drug…

Answer 18

mifeprostone

Question 19

A 67-year-old woman with a family history of osteoporosis comes to your clinic requesting prophylactic therapy to prevent bone loss. You recommend calcium and vitamin D supplementation. What else would you consider prescribing for her?

Answer 19

Raloxifene

Question 20

Androgens side effects (3)

Answer 20

chulestatic jaundice, transaminitis, hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 21

Example of receptor antagonist of androgens…

Answer 21

flutamide (competitive antagonist) → used in prostatic carcinoma

Question 22

Examples of 5-alfa-reductase inhibitors… (2)

Answer 22

finasteride, dutasteride

Question 23

What are the action of 5-alfa reductase inhibitors?

Answer 23

inhibit the conversion testosterone → DHT

Question 24

Example of sinthesis inhibitors of androgens

Answer 24

ketoconazole (antifungal drug)

Question 25

Side effects of testosterone therapy?(4)

Answer 25

Increased hematocrit

Positive nitrogen balance

Normalized bone density

Virilization