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Endocrine Kaplan > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Drugs that decrease peripheral conversion of T4 to T3

A

PTU and beta blockers

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2
Q

Sulfonylurea that produces a disulfiram-like effect

A

Chlorpropamide

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3
Q

Mechanism of action of acarbose

A

Inhibits alpha glucosidase in small intestinal brush border

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4
Q

Mechanism of action of thiazolidinediones

A

Bind to PPARs to increase the transcription of insulin-responsive genes

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5
Q

Mechanism of action of exenatide

A

GLP-1 receptor agonist

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6
Q

Mechanism of action of sitagliptin

A

Inhibits DPP-4

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7
Q

GH analog that is used to treat HIV-associated lipodystrophy

A

Tesamorelin

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8
Q

Duration of action of lispro insulin

A

3 to 4 hours

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9
Q

Duration of action of regular insulin

A

5 to 7 hours

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10
Q

Duration of action of NPH insulin

A

18 to 24 hours

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11
Q

Duration of action of glargine insulin

A

More than 24 hours

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12
Q

Rapid acting insulins

A

Lispro, aspart, and glulisine

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13
Q

Most important adverse effecf of first generation sulfonylureas

A

Disulfiram-like effect

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14
Q

Examples of first generation sulfonylureas

A

Chlorpropamide and tolbutamide

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15
Q

Drugs used in diabetes mellitus that can cause weight gain, edema, and heart failure

A

Thiazolidinediones (glitazones)

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16
Q

Mechanism of action of meglitinides (nateglinide, repaglinide)

A

Bind to K channels on beta cell membranes (different site from that of sulfonylureas)

17
Q

Most common adverse effects of DPP-4 inhibitors

A

Mild urinary or respiratory infections

18
Q

Mechanism of action of amylin analogs (pramlintide)

A
  • Decreases gastric emptying
  • Decreases glucagon secretion
  • Decreases appetite
19
Q

Contraindication of sulfonylureas

A

Liver failure

20
Q

Mechanism of action of finasteride

A

Inhibition of 5alpha-reductase

21
Q

Mechanism of action of leuprolide

A

GnRH agonist

22
Q

Mechanism of action of anastrozole

A

Aromatase inhibitor

23
Q

Mechanism of action of flutamide

A

Impairs androgen receptor stimulation

24
Q

Effects of adiponectin secretion

A

Enhances insulin sensitivity and fatty acid oxidation

25
Q

Mechanism of action of bicalutamide

A

Testosterone receptor antagonist

26
Q

Mechanism of action of danazol

A

Synthetic steroid with androgenic and antiestrogenic effects

27
Q

Gonadotropin that is more elevated in puberty

A

LH

28
Q

Diuretics that decrease plasma calcium levels

A

Loop diuretics

Endocrine Kaplan (3 decks)

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