Pharmacology Flashcards
Drugs that decrease peripheral conversion of T4 to T3
PTU and beta blockers
Sulfonylurea that produces a disulfiram-like effect
Chlorpropamide
Mechanism of action of acarbose
Inhibits alpha glucosidase in small intestinal brush border
Mechanism of action of thiazolidinediones
Bind to PPARs to increase the transcription of insulin-responsive genes
Mechanism of action of exenatide
GLP-1 receptor agonist
Mechanism of action of sitagliptin
Inhibits DPP-4
GH analog that is used to treat HIV-associated lipodystrophy
Tesamorelin
Duration of action of lispro insulin
3 to 4 hours
Duration of action of regular insulin
5 to 7 hours
Duration of action of NPH insulin
18 to 24 hours
Duration of action of glargine insulin
More than 24 hours
Rapid acting insulins
Lispro, aspart, and glulisine
Most important adverse effecf of first generation sulfonylureas
Disulfiram-like effect
Examples of first generation sulfonylureas
Chlorpropamide and tolbutamide
Drugs used in diabetes mellitus that can cause weight gain, edema, and heart failure
Thiazolidinediones (glitazones)
Mechanism of action of meglitinides (nateglinide, repaglinide)
Bind to K channels on beta cell membranes (different site from that of sulfonylureas)
Most common adverse effects of DPP-4 inhibitors
Mild urinary or respiratory infections
Mechanism of action of amylin analogs (pramlintide)
- Decreases gastric emptying
- Decreases glucagon secretion
- Decreases appetite
Contraindication of sulfonylureas
Liver failure
Mechanism of action of finasteride
Inhibition of 5alpha-reductase
Mechanism of action of leuprolide
GnRH agonist
Mechanism of action of anastrozole
Aromatase inhibitor
Mechanism of action of flutamide
Impairs androgen receptor stimulation
Effects of adiponectin secretion
Enhances insulin sensitivity and fatty acid oxidation
