Pathology

Question 1

HLA associated with Hashimoto’s

Answer 1

HLA-DR5

Question 2

Biopsy findings in Hashimoto’s

Answer 2

Lymphocytic infiltration and Hurthle cells

Question 3

Biopsy finding in de Quervain thyroiditis

Answer 3

Granulomatous inflammation

Question 4

What is Riedel thyroiditis

Answer 4

Chronic inflammation where dense fibrosis replaces thyroid parenchima

Question 5

Most common thyroid carcinoma

Answer 5

Papillary carcinoma

Question 6

Biopsy findings in papillary thyroid carcinoma

Answer 6

Psamomma bodies and orphan Annie nuclei of the stromal cells

Question 7

Cell of origin of medullary thyroid carcinomas

Answer 7

Parafollicular C cells

Question 8

Biopsy findings in medullary thyroid carcinomas

Answer 8

Sheets of cells in amyloid stroma

Question 9

Deficiency of 17 alpha hydroxylase leads to a decrease in which hormones

Answer 9

Cortisol and androgens

Question 10

Deficiency of 21 hydroxylase leads to a decrease in which hormones

Answer 10

Cortisol and all mineralocorticoids

Question 11

Deficiency of 11 beta hydroxylase leads to a decrease in which hormones

Answer 11

Cortisol and aldosterone (deoxycorticosterone is spared)

Question 12

Cortisol increases which type of receptors

Answer 12

Glucagon and alpha adrenergic

Question 13

Manifestations of a VIPoma

Answer 13

• Watery diarrhea
• Hypokalemia
• Achlorydia

Question 14

Mutated gene in neuroblastoma

Answer 14

N-myc

Question 15

Anterior midline neck mass that moves with swallowing or protrusion of the tongue

Answer 15

Thyroglossal duct cyst

Question 16

Sequential loss of pituitary hormones in case of hypopituitarism

Answer 16

1. GH and gonadotropin
2. TSH and ACTH
3. Prolactin

Question 17

Peptides used to identify neuroblastomas

Answer 17

NSE and bombesin

Question 18

Where is the organ of Zuckerkandl located

Answer 18

At the bifurcation of the aorta or at the origin of the IMA

Question 19

Difference between hypothyroid myopathy and thyrotoxic myopathy

Answer 19

Hypothyroid myopathy presents with increased CK

Question 20

HLAs associated with Graves disease

Answer 20

HLA-DR3 and HLA-B8

Question 21

Biopsy findings in Graves disease

Answer 21

Irregular follicles with scalloped colloid and chronic inflamation

Question 22

Follicular carcinoma is associated to what mutation

Answer 22

RAS mutation

Question 23

Pancreatic islet tumor that presents with necrolytic migratory erythema

Answer 23

Glucagonoma

Question 24

Enzyme deficiency seen in syndrome of apparent mineralocorticoid excess (SAME)

Answer 24

11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2