Pharmacology Flashcards
Most important adverse effects of mannitol
- Pulmonary edema
* Dehydration
Effect of loop diuretics in medullary osmolality
They abolish its hypertonicity, preventing concentration of urine
Loop diuretics promote vasodilation of afferent arteriole through which mechanism
Through stimulation of PGE release
Adverse effects of loop diuretics
“OHH DAANG”
- Ototoxicity
- Hypokalemia
- Hypomagnesemia
- Dehydration
- Allergy (sulfa)
- Alkalosis, metabolic
- Nephritis (interstitial)
- Gout
Most ototoxic of loop diuretics
Ethacrynic acid
Type of diuretics that decrease calcium excretion
Thiazides
Type of diuretics that are used in the treatment of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
- Thiazides
* Amiloride
Adverse effects of thiazide diuretics
“hyperGLUC”
- hyperGlycemia
- hyperLipidemia
- hyperUricemia
- hyperCalcemia
Sodium and chloride enter the macula densa through which transporter
Na/K/2Cl cotransporter
Common adverse reactions of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents
- Thromboembolic events (increased blood viscosity)
* Hypertension (stimulation of smooth muscle cell contraction)
Mechanism of action of oxybutinin
M3 receptor antagonist
Antihypertensive used in hypertensive emergencies that increases renal perfusion by dilating renal vessels, leading to increased diuresis and natriuresis
Fenoldopam
