Pharmacology Flashcards
Phenelzine, imipramine and fluoxetine are examples of what?
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
monoamine oxidase inhibitors role is?
To increase the amount of monoamines in the synaptic cleft
what is the monoamine hypothesis
depression resulting from a functional deficit in monoamine transmitter e.g. 5HT and noradrenaline
If a drug depletes the amount of monoamine transmitter released what is the likely symptom a patient will describe
low mood
MOA of monoamine oxidase inhibitors
inhibit MAO-A and B
What is the difference between the MOA of phenelzine and moclobemide
They are both MAO inhibitors however, phenelzine is irreversible and moclobemide is reversible
Some important side effects of MAO inhibitors
the ‘cheese reaction’
insomnia
postural hypotension
peripheral oedema
Give examples of tricyclic antidepressants
Imipramine
Dosulepin
Amitriptyline
Lofepramine
What is the MOA of tricyclic antidepressants?
Block the reuptake of monoamines (mainly 5HT and noradrenaline) into the presynaptic terminals
Slide effects of tricyclic antidepressants
weight gain sedation cardiovascular issues blurred vision dry mouth ]constipation urinary retention
Which medication should you avoid in people with a history of anxiety
SSRIs
Which drugs should you consider avoiding in people with a history of eating disorder
tricyclic antidepressants and mirtazapine
Give examples of SSRIs
fluoxetine, citalopram, escitalopram, sertraline, paroxetine
MOA of SSRis
selectively inhibit reuptake of serotonin (5HT) from the synaptic cleft
Side effects of SSRIs
Nausea, headache Worsened anxiety sweating/vivid dreams Hyponatraemia Increase in self-harm rates and suicidal intention in <25y/o
MOA of a monoamine reuptake inhibitor
block the reuptake of monoamines (e.g. noradrenaline and 5HT) into the presynaptic terminals
What are the two MA reuptake inhibitors
Venlafaxine and duloxetine
How would you describe the MOA of mirtazipine
atypical
Major side effect of mirtazipine
weight gain
can also cause sedation
Example of a dopamine uptake inhibitor
bupropion
MOA of lithium carbonate
its not ok, some really long words, ewww
If you administer someone lithium carbonate what must you do
12 hour post-dose blood levels must be checked and monitored due to its very narrow therapeutic window
Some side effects of lithium carbonate
dry mouth polydipsia/polyuria tremor hypothyroidism long term renal dysfunction nephrogenic diabetes insipidus weight gain
What are the toxic effects associated with lithium carbonate
vomiting diarrhoea ataxia/coarse tremor drowsiness convulsion coma
