Pharmacology

Question 1

What class of drugs can cause first-degree AV block

Answer 1

Amiodarone
Beta blockers
CCB
Digoxin

Question 2

ACEI side effects

Contra

Answer 2

Cough
First dose hypotension

Bilateral renal stenosis

Question 3

Patient treated for hyper triglyceridemia as plays on a medication that causes skin flashing and warm what is the primary agent mediating this side effect?

Answer 3

Niacin B3 - treatment of hyperlipidemia-raising HDL levels and lowering triglycerides and LDL levels

Flushing-mediated by prostaglandin D2 and E2

Aspirin inhibits prostaglandin synthesis

Question 4

Nitrates
Treatment-chronic stable angina
Systemically vasodilation-predominately venodilation

-Decrease in left ventricular End-diastolic volume and wall-stress

Answer 4

Headaches
Flashing
Lightheadedness
Hypertension
Secondary to systemic vasodilation

Question 5

Nitrates
Beta blocker
Calcium channel blocker
Mainstay of therapy for chronic stable angina

Isosorbide dinitrate has higher dose than sublingual nitro because ?

Answer 5

High 1st pass metabolism (liver) = low bioavailability

Question 6

Cilostazol

MOA
TX

Answer 6

MOA: Reduce platelet activation-breakdown of cAMP
Direct arterial vasodilator

Treatment-decrease cortication symptoms and peripheral arterial disease

Question 7

Warfarin

OD?

Answer 7

Oral anticoagulant-inhibits carboxylation vitamin K depend it coagulation factor two, 7, nine, 10.

Treatment a trophy up, DVT, pulmonary embolism.

Prothrombin time (PT)& INR should be checked monthly

OD: Skin necrosis in hypercoagulable state-protein C deficiency -> Fresh frozen plasma

Question 8

Selective arteriolar vasodilators
Lower blood pressure by reducing systemic vascular resistance

Cause reflex sympathetic activation
Induce RAAS
What are the drugs?

Answer 8

Hydralazine

Minoxidil