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PLE 2017 > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

ZERO ORDER KINETICS

WHAT PET

A 
WHAT PET
W - warfarin
H - heparin
A - aspirin
T - tolbutamine
P - phenytoin
E - ethanol
T - theophylline
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2
Q

cholinomimetic

for bowel and bladder atony

A

betanechol

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3
Q

adrenergic/ cholinergic synthesis inhibitor

A

cholinergic - hemicholinium

adrenergic - metyrosine

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4
Q

adrenergic/ cholinergic storage inhibitor

A

cholinergic - vesamicol

adrenergic - reserpine

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5
Q

tensilon test

A

Edrophonium

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6
Q

adrenergic/ cholinergic

blocks the release of Ach

A

cholinergic - botulinum

adrenergic - guanethedine

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7
Q

indirect cholinomimetics

A

Carbamates
Organophosphates
Neostigmine

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8
Q

DOC for organophosphate poisoning

A

1st - atropine

2nd - pralidoxime

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9
Q

Parkinson’s disease

muscarinic cholinergic antagonist

A

TRI to BIP the BENZ here.

trihexphenidyl
biperiden
benztropine

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10
Q

depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

A

succinylcholine

pag naka DEPOsit ka, SUCCESS yun

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11
Q

non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

A

tubucurarine

atracurium

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12
Q

organophosphate poisoning

DUMBBEELSS

A

DUMBBEELSS

diarrhea
urination
miosis
bronchospasm
bradycardia
excitation
emesis
lacrimation
sweating
salivation
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13
Q

adrenergic metabolism inhibitor

A

MAOI, COMT

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14
Q

adrenergic reuptake inhibitor

A

cocaine, TCAs

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15
Q

pheochromocytoma

A

phenoxybenzamine

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16
Q

GINGIVA HYPERPLASIA

very nice cya phen!

A

very nice cya phen!

verapamil
nifedipine
cyclosporine
phenytoin

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17
Q

NARROW THERAPEUTIC INDEX

phen-phen WALA Car, Van Di To

A

phen-phen WALA Car, Van Di To

phenytoin
phenobarbital
warfarin
aminoglycosides
lithium
amphotericin B
Carbamazepine
Vancomycin
Digoxin
Theophyllline
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18
Q

CLASS 1b antiarrhythmics

Phen, Lie To Me

A

Phen, Lie To Me

phenytoin
lidocaine
tocainide
mexiletene

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19
Q

amiodarone toxicity

PPT STC

A

PPT STC

Pulmonary fibrosis
paresthesia & Tremors
skin & corneal deposits
thyroid deficiency

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20
Q

DOC for paroxysmal SVT

A

adenosine

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21
Q

DOC for acute & chronic heart failure

A

acute - furosemide

chronic - ACEI

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22
Q

GYNECOMASTIA

Dig Spiral CAKe

A

Dig Spiral CAKE

digoxin
spironolactone
cimetidine
alcohol
ketoconazole
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23
Q

1st line of treatment for acute migraine and cluster headache attacks

A

SUMATRIPTAN (or other triptans)

serotonin receptor agonist

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24
Q

for antiemesis in patients post-chemotherapy or post-operation

A

ONDANSETRON (or other setron)

serotonin receptor antagonist

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25
Q

loop diuretics toxicity

OH DANG

A

OH DANG

ototoxicity
hypokalemia
dehydration
allergy to sulfa
nephritis
gout
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26
Q

cutaneous flushing

VANC

A

VANC

vancomycin
adenosine
niacin
CCB

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27
Q

SE hemorrhagic cystitis

rescue: MESNA

A

cyclophosphamide

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28
Q

microtubule ihibitors

CV TAG

A

CV TAG

colchicine
vinca alkaloids

taxanes
azoles anti-helminthics
griseofulvin

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29
Q

amnesia & brain parts

A

anterograde - hippocampus

retrograde - thalamus

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30
Q

drugs for huntington disease

A

reserpine

tetrabenazine

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31
Q

drugs for tourette syndrome

A

haloperidol

pimozide

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32
Q

neuroleptic malignant syndrome

FEVER

A

FEVER

fever
encephalopathy
vitals unstable
elevated CPK
rigidity
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33
Q

manic symptoms

DIG FAST

A

DIG FAST

distractability
irritability
grandiosity
flight of ideas
agitation
sleep/insomnia
talkativeness
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34
Q

depression
5/8 symptoms for > 2 weeks

SIGE CAPS

A

SIGE CAPS

sleep
interest - lack
guilt/ worthlessness
energy - lack
concetration - lack
appetite
pyschomotor agitation
suicide
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35
Q

TCA toxicity

3C

A

convulsion
coma
cardiotoxicity

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36
Q

serotonin syndrome

FAT CHD

A

FAT CHD

fever
agitation
tremor
clonus
hyperreflexia
diaphoresis
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37
Q

malignant hyperthermia

FARTCH

A

FARTCH

Fever
acidosis
rhabdomyolysis
trismus
clonus
hypertension
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38
Q

central vs nephrogenic DI

A

central - deficient secretion of ADH

nephrogenic - resistance with effects of ADH

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39
Q

DOC for acute asthma attacks

A

SABA

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40
Q

antidote for BB overdose

A

methylxanthines

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41
Q

DOC for asthma prophylaxis

A

corticosteroid

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42
Q

benzodiazepines

anticonvulsant
bipolar disorder

A

clonazepam

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43
Q

benzodiazepines

insomnia

A

estrazolam
filurazepam
triazolam

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44
Q

benzodiazepines

skel. m relaxation

A

diazepam

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45
Q

benzodiazepines

status epilepticus

A

lorazepam + diazepam

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46
Q

benzodiazepines

anesthesia induction

A

midazolam + diazepam

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47
Q

benzodiazepines

panic d/o or phobio

A

alprazolam + clonazepam

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48
Q

benzodiazepines

alcohol withdrawal

A

chlordiazepoxide + diazepam

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49
Q

anti-seizures

general tonic clonic seizure

A

VPA
PHE
CBZ

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50
Q

anti-seizures

partial seizures

A

LTG
PHE
CBZ

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51
Q

anti-seizures

absence seizures

A

ETX

VPA

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52
Q

anti-seizures

myoclonic & atypical absence

A

VPA

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53
Q

anti-seizures

Status epilepticUs

A

LZM (lorazepam)
DZM
PHE
Pbl (phenobarbital)

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54
Q

bipolar affective

A

VPA
CBZ
LTG

55
Q

trigeminal neuralgia

A

CBZ

OXC

56
Q

neuropathic pain (postherpetic neuralgia)

A

GBP

PGB

57
Q

migraine

A

GBP
TPM
PHE

58
Q

malignant hyperthermia

A

succinylcholine + halothane

59
Q

for off-periods of parkinson’s disease

A

apomorphine

60
Q

used in wearing-off phenomena of parkinson’s disease

A

entacapone, tolcapone

61
Q

DOC for acute dystonia

Retrocollis
opisthotonus
oculogyric crisis

A

diphenydramine

62
Q

DOC for parkinsonism

A

benztropine

63
Q

DOC for rabbit syndrome

  • perioral tremor
A

benztropine

64
Q

DOC for akathisia

- restlessness, pacing, sitting up & down

A

diphenhydramine

65
Q

DOC for neuroleptic malignant syndrome

3Ds

A

3Ds

dantrolene
diazepam
dopa agonists

66
Q

only antipsychotic approved for schizophrenia in the youth

A

risperidone

67
Q

only antipsychotic that reduces the risk of suicide

A

clozapine

68
Q

SE ebstein’s anomaly

- displacement of right tricuspid valve

A

lithium

69
Q

TCA overdose treatment

A

bicarbonate

70
Q

erectile dysfunction

SORE PeniS can’t F* Hard

A

SORE PeniS can’t F* Hard

SSRI
opiates
respiridone
ethanol, estrogen
propanolol
spironolacton
finasteride
hydrochlorthiazide
71
Q

opioid of choice for pain relief in pancreatitis

A

meperidine

72
Q

opioid overdose

A

naloxone

73
Q

TX for hemochromatosis

for acute and chronic iron poisoning

A

deferoxamine

74
Q

DOC for hypercholesterolemia (high LDL)

A

statin

HMG-CoA reductase

75
Q

DOC for hypercholesterolemia (low HDL, High LDL/VLDL)

A

niacin

76
Q

DOC for increasing HDL levels

A

niacin

77
Q

CYP450 INDUCERS

ETHAN BARBS takes PHENPHEN & Refuses Greasy Carb Smoke

A

ETHAN BARBS takes PHENPHEN & Refuses Greasy Carb Smoke

ethanol
barbiturate
phenytoin
rifampicin
griseofulvin
st. john's worth/ smoking
78
Q

CYP450 INHIBITORS

Quin Ket E-CIGARS

A

Quin Ket E-CIGARS

Quinidine
ketoconazole
Erythromycin
Cimetidine
isoniazid
grapefruit juice
amiodarone
ritonavir
sulfonamides
79
Q

DOC for anticoagulation during pregnancy

A

Heparin

80
Q

DMARD of choice for RA

rescue agent: leucovorin (folinic acid)

A

methothrexate

81
Q

1st line of treatment of chronic gout

A

allopurinol

82
Q

GROWTH HORMONE
agonist
antagonist

A

agonist - SOMATROPIN

antagonist - OCREOTIDE

83
Q

GONADOTROPINS

agonist

A

LH -LUTROPIN
FSH - FOLLITROPIN
MIXED - MENORTROPINS

84
Q

PROLACTIN

antagonist

A

BROMOCRIPTINE (D2 ANTAGONIST)

85
Q

GNRH
agonist
antagonist

A

agonist - GONADOTROPIN

antagonist - LEUPROLIDE

86
Q

OXYTOCIN

antagonist

A

ATOSIBAN

87
Q

VASOPRESSIN
agonist
antagonist

A

agonist - DESMOPRESSIN

antagonist - CONIVAPTAN

88
Q

for GH deficiency in children & genetic disease with short stature (Turner, Prader-Willi)

A

somatropin

  • GH agonist
89
Q

for acroegaly, pituitary adenoma, carcinoid, gastrinoma, glucagonoma, variceal bleeding

A

ocreotide

  • GH antagonist
90
Q

DOC pregnant hyperthyroid patients

A

PTU

91
Q

SE aplasia cutis congenita

A

methimazole & carbimazole

92
Q

DOC for pregnany patients with cushing’s syndrome

A

metyrapone

93
Q

as diagnostic test for adrenal function

A

metyrapone

94
Q
  • cushing’s syndrome

- medical abortion

A

mifepristone

95
Q

emergency contraception

- must be taken within 72hours of unprotected sex

A

levonorgestrel

96
Q

post-menopausal osteoporosis

A

raloxifen

denosumab

97
Q

induction of ovulation in women who want to be pregnant

A

clomiphene

98
Q

DOC syphilis

A

penicillin G

penicillin V

99
Q

DOC gonorrhea

A

ceftriaxone & cefixime

100
Q

AB to be avoided in pregnancy

A

fluoeoquinolones

101
Q

DOC of candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcal meningitis

A

fluconazole

102
Q

DOC blastomycosis, sporotrichosis, dermatophytosis esp onychomycosis, chromoblastomycosis

A

itraconazole

103
Q

DOC asymptomatic cyst carrier in E. histolytica

A

diloxanide furoate

104
Q

DOC trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis

A

metronidazole

105
Q

DOC toxoplasmosis

A

pyrimethamine- sulfadiazine

106
Q

DOC ascariasis, hookworm, pinworm, hydatid disease

A

mebendazole

107
Q

DOC filariasis and eye worm disease (loa-loa)

A

diethylcarbamazine

108
Q

DOC trichinosis

A

thiabendazole

109
Q

DOC strongyloides

A

ivermectin

110
Q

bactericidal

FV PAM

A

FV PAM

fuoroquinolones
vancomycin
penicillins
aminoglycosides
metronidazole
111
Q

bacteriostatic

ECSTaTiC

A

ECSTaTiC

erythromycin
clindamycin
sulfamethoxazole
trimethroprim
tetracycline
chloramphenicol
112
Q

antipseudomonal penicillins

TCP - TC Pseudomonas

A

TCP

ticarcillin
Carbenicillin
piperacillin

113
Q

extended spectrum penicillins

PHLEES

A

PHLEES

proteus mirabilis
h. influenza
Listeria monocytogenes
e. coli
enterococci
salmonella sp.
114
Q

first generation cephalosporin coverage

PEK first

A

PEK

Proteus mirabilis

e. coli
k. pneumonia

115
Q

second generation cephalosporin coverage

HEN PEcKS

A

HEN PEcKS

h. influenza
e. coli
neisseria
proteus
enterobacter aerogenes
K. pneumonia
Serratia marcescens

116
Q

PRIAPRISM

BuT Qa PAWiS

A

BuT Qa PAWiS

Buproprion
Trazodone
Quetiapine
Papaverine
Alprostadil
Warfarin
Sildenafil
117
Q

only antipsychotic with fatal overdose

A

thirozidazine

118
Q

most potent inhaled anesthetic

A

methoxyflurane

119
Q

least potent inhaled anesthetic

A

Nitrous oxide

120
Q

ONLY anti-seizure drug that affects K

A

OXC

121
Q

ONLY anti-seizure drug that all (Na, Ca, GABA, Glutamate, Carbonic anhydrase)

A

TPM

122
Q

delirium tremens

HAD48

A

HAD48

hallucinations
autonomic instability
delirium
48-72h post discontinuation

123
Q

DOC benzodiazepine overdose

A

flumazenil

124
Q

feto-renal damage

teratogen

A

ACE inhibitor

125
Q

neural tube defects

teratogen

A

antiepileptic drugs

126
Q

fetal hydantoin syndrome

teratogen

A

phenytoin

127
Q

vaginal clear cell adenoCA

teratogen

A

DES

diethylstilbestrol

128
Q

mobius sequence

teratogen

A

misoprostol

129
Q

cutis laxa

teratogen

A

penicillamine

130
Q

phocomelia

teratogen

A

thalidomide

131
Q

ototoxicity

teratogen

A

streptomycin

132
Q

kernicterus

teratogen

A

sulfonamides

133
Q

cartilage damage

teratogen

A

fluoroquinolones

134
Q

warfarin is teratogenic

what are the effects on 1st, 2nd & 3rd tri?

A

1st - chondrodysplasia
2nd - CNS malformations
3rd - bleeding diasthesis

PLE 2017 (6 decks)

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