Pharmacology Flashcards by Precious Dennica

ZERO ORDER KINETICS

WHAT PET

WHAT PET
W - warfarin
H - heparin
A - aspirin
T - tolbutamine
P - phenytoin
E - ethanol
T - theophylline

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cholinomimetic

for bowel and bladder atony

betanechol

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adrenergic/ cholinergic synthesis inhibitor

cholinergic - hemicholinium

adrenergic - metyrosine

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adrenergic/ cholinergic storage inhibitor

cholinergic - vesamicol

adrenergic - reserpine

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tensilon test

Edrophonium

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adrenergic/ cholinergic

blocks the release of Ach

cholinergic - botulinum

adrenergic - guanethedine

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indirect cholinomimetics

Carbamates
Organophosphates
Neostigmine

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DOC for organophosphate poisoning

1st - atropine

2nd - pralidoxime

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Parkinson’s disease

muscarinic cholinergic antagonist

TRI to BIP the BENZ here.

trihexphenidyl
biperiden
benztropine

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depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

succinylcholine

pag naka DEPOsit ka, SUCCESS yun

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non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

tubucurarine

atracurium

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organophosphate poisoning

DUMBBEELSS

diarrhea
urination
miosis
bronchospasm
bradycardia
excitation
emesis
lacrimation
sweating
salivation

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adrenergic metabolism inhibitor

MAOI, COMT

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adrenergic reuptake inhibitor

cocaine, TCAs

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pheochromocytoma

phenoxybenzamine

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GINGIVA HYPERPLASIA

very nice cya phen!

verapamil
nifedipine
cyclosporine
phenytoin

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NARROW THERAPEUTIC INDEX

phen-phen WALA Car, Van Di To

phenytoin
phenobarbital
warfarin
aminoglycosides
lithium
amphotericin B
Carbamazepine
Vancomycin
Digoxin
Theophyllline

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CLASS 1b antiarrhythmics

Phen, Lie To Me

phenytoin
lidocaine
tocainide
mexiletene

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amiodarone toxicity

PPT STC

Pulmonary fibrosis
paresthesia & Tremors
skin & corneal deposits
thyroid deficiency

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DOC for paroxysmal SVT

adenosine

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DOC for acute & chronic heart failure

acute - furosemide

chronic - ACEI

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GYNECOMASTIA

Dig Spiral CAKe

Dig Spiral CAKE

digoxin
spironolactone
cimetidine
alcohol
ketoconazole

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1st line of treatment for acute migraine and cluster headache attacks

SUMATRIPTAN (or other triptans)

serotonin receptor agonist

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for antiemesis in patients post-chemotherapy or post-operation

ONDANSETRON (or other setron)

serotonin receptor antagonist

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loop diuretics toxicity OH DANG

OH DANG ``` ototoxicity hypokalemia dehydration allergy to sulfa nephritis gout ```

cutaneous flushing VANC

VANC vancomycin adenosine niacin CCB

SE hemorrhagic cystitis rescue: MESNA

cyclophosphamide

microtubule ihibitors CV TAG

CV TAG colchicine vinca alkaloids taxanes azoles anti-helminthics griseofulvin

amnesia & brain parts

anterograde - hippocampus | retrograde - thalamus

drugs for huntington disease

reserpine | tetrabenazine

drugs for tourette syndrome

haloperidol | pimozide

neuroleptic malignant syndrome FEVER

FEVER ``` fever encephalopathy vitals unstable elevated CPK rigidity ```

manic symptoms DIG FAST

DIG FAST ``` distractability irritability grandiosity flight of ideas agitation sleep/insomnia talkativeness ```

depression 5/8 symptoms for > 2 weeks SIGE CAPS

SIGE CAPS ``` sleep interest - lack guilt/ worthlessness energy - lack concetration - lack appetite pyschomotor agitation suicide ```

TCA toxicity 3C

convulsion coma cardiotoxicity

serotonin syndrome FAT CHD

FAT CHD ``` fever agitation tremor clonus hyperreflexia diaphoresis ```

malignant hyperthermia FARTCH

FARTCH ``` Fever acidosis rhabdomyolysis trismus clonus hypertension ```

central vs nephrogenic DI

central - deficient secretion of ADH | nephrogenic - resistance with effects of ADH

DOC for acute asthma attacks

SABA

antidote for BB overdose

methylxanthines

DOC for asthma prophylaxis

corticosteroid

benzodiazepines anticonvulsant bipolar disorder

clonazepam

benzodiazepines insomnia

estrazolam filurazepam triazolam

benzodiazepines skel. m relaxation

diazepam

benzodiazepines status epilepticus

lorazepam + diazepam

benzodiazepines anesthesia induction

midazolam + diazepam

benzodiazepines panic d/o or phobio

alprazolam + clonazepam

benzodiazepines alcohol withdrawal

chlordiazepoxide + diazepam

anti-seizures general tonic clonic seizure

VPA PHE CBZ

anti-seizures partial seizures

LTG PHE CBZ

anti-seizures absence seizures

ETX | VPA

anti-seizures myoclonic & atypical absence

VPA

anti-seizures Status epilepticUs

LZM (lorazepam) DZM PHE Pbl (phenobarbital)

bipolar affective

VPA CBZ LTG

trigeminal neuralgia

CBZ | OXC

neuropathic pain (postherpetic neuralgia)

GBP | PGB

migraine

GBP TPM PHE

malignant hyperthermia

succinylcholine + halothane

for off-periods of parkinson's disease

apomorphine

used in wearing-off phenomena of parkinson's disease

entacapone, tolcapone

DOC for acute dystonia Retrocollis opisthotonus oculogyric crisis

diphenydramine

DOC for parkinsonism

benztropine

DOC for rabbit syndrome - perioral tremor

benztropine

DOC for akathisia | - restlessness, pacing, sitting up & down

diphenhydramine

DOC for neuroleptic malignant syndrome 3Ds

3Ds dantrolene diazepam dopa agonists

only antipsychotic approved for schizophrenia in the youth

risperidone

only antipsychotic that reduces the risk of suicide

clozapine

SE ebstein's anomaly | - displacement of right tricuspid valve

lithium

TCA overdose treatment

bicarbonate

erectile dysfunction SORE PeniS can't F* Hard

SORE PeniS can't F* Hard ``` SSRI opiates respiridone ethanol, estrogen propanolol spironolacton finasteride hydrochlorthiazide ```

opioid of choice for pain relief in pancreatitis

meperidine

opioid overdose

naloxone

TX for hemochromatosis | for acute and chronic iron poisoning

deferoxamine

DOC for hypercholesterolemia (high LDL)

statin | HMG-CoA reductase

DOC for hypercholesterolemia (low HDL, High LDL/VLDL)

niacin

DOC for increasing HDL levels

niacin

CYP450 INDUCERS ETHAN BARBS takes PHENPHEN & Refuses Greasy Carb Smoke

ETHAN BARBS takes PHENPHEN & Refuses Greasy Carb Smoke ``` ethanol barbiturate phenytoin rifampicin griseofulvin st. john's worth/ smoking ```

CYP450 INHIBITORS Quin Ket E-CIGARS

Quin Ket E-CIGARS ``` Quinidine ketoconazole Erythromycin Cimetidine isoniazid grapefruit juice amiodarone ritonavir sulfonamides ```

DOC for anticoagulation during pregnancy

Heparin

DMARD of choice for RA rescue agent: leucovorin (folinic acid)

methothrexate

1st line of treatment of chronic gout

allopurinol

GROWTH HORMONE agonist antagonist

agonist - SOMATROPIN | antagonist - OCREOTIDE

GONADOTROPINS | agonist

LH -LUTROPIN FSH - FOLLITROPIN MIXED - MENORTROPINS

PROLACTIN | antagonist

BROMOCRIPTINE (D2 ANTAGONIST)

GNRH agonist antagonist

agonist - GONADOTROPIN | antagonist - LEUPROLIDE

OXYTOCIN | antagonist

ATOSIBAN

VASOPRESSIN agonist antagonist

agonist - DESMOPRESSIN | antagonist - CONIVAPTAN

for GH deficiency in children & genetic disease with short stature (Turner, Prader-Willi)

somatropin - GH agonist

for acroegaly, pituitary adenoma, carcinoid, gastrinoma, glucagonoma, variceal bleeding

ocreotide - GH antagonist

DOC pregnant hyperthyroid patients

PTU

SE aplasia cutis congenita

methimazole & carbimazole

DOC for pregnany patients with cushing's syndrome

metyrapone

as diagnostic test for adrenal function

metyrapone

- cushing's syndrome | - medical abortion

mifepristone

emergency contraception | - must be taken within 72hours of unprotected sex

levonorgestrel

post-menopausal osteoporosis

raloxifen | denosumab

induction of ovulation in women who want to be pregnant

clomiphene

DOC syphilis

penicillin G | penicillin V

DOC gonorrhea

ceftriaxone & cefixime

AB to be avoided in pregnancy

fluoeoquinolones

DOC of candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcal meningitis

fluconazole

DOC blastomycosis, sporotrichosis, dermatophytosis esp onychomycosis, chromoblastomycosis

itraconazole

DOC asymptomatic cyst carrier in E. histolytica

diloxanide furoate

DOC trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis

metronidazole

DOC toxoplasmosis

pyrimethamine- sulfadiazine

DOC ascariasis, hookworm, pinworm, hydatid disease

mebendazole

DOC filariasis and eye worm disease (loa-loa)

diethylcarbamazine

DOC trichinosis

thiabendazole

DOC strongyloides

ivermectin

bactericidal FV PAM

FV PAM ``` fuoroquinolones vancomycin penicillins aminoglycosides metronidazole ```

bacteriostatic ECSTaTiC

ECSTaTiC ``` erythromycin clindamycin sulfamethoxazole trimethroprim tetracycline chloramphenicol ```

antipseudomonal penicillins TCP - TC Pseudomonas

TCP ticarcillin Carbenicillin piperacillin

extended spectrum penicillins PHLEES

PHLEES ``` proteus mirabilis h. influenza Listeria monocytogenes e. coli enterococci salmonella sp. ```

first generation cephalosporin coverage PEK first

PEK Proteus mirabilis e. coli k. pneumonia

second generation cephalosporin coverage HEN PEcKS

HEN PEcKS h. influenza e. coli neisseria proteus enterobacter aerogenes K. pneumonia Serratia marcescens

PRIAPRISM BuT Qa PAWiS

BuT Qa PAWiS ``` Buproprion Trazodone Quetiapine Papaverine Alprostadil Warfarin Sildenafil ```

only antipsychotic with fatal overdose

thirozidazine

most potent inhaled anesthetic

methoxyflurane

least potent inhaled anesthetic

Nitrous oxide

ONLY anti-seizure drug that affects K

OXC

ONLY anti-seizure drug that all (Na, Ca, GABA, Glutamate, Carbonic anhydrase)

TPM

delirium tremens HAD48

HAD48 hallucinations autonomic instability delirium 48-72h post discontinuation

DOC benzodiazepine overdose

flumazenil

feto-renal damage teratogen

ACE inhibitor

neural tube defects teratogen

antiepileptic drugs

fetal hydantoin syndrome teratogen

phenytoin

vaginal clear cell adenoCA teratogen

DES | diethylstilbestrol

mobius sequence teratogen

misoprostol

cutis laxa teratogen

penicillamine

phocomelia teratogen

thalidomide

ototoxicity teratogen

streptomycin

kernicterus teratogen

sulfonamides

cartilage damage teratogen

fluoroquinolones

warfarin is teratogenic | what are the effects on 1st, 2nd & 3rd tri?

1st - chondrodysplasia 2nd - CNS malformations 3rd - bleeding diasthesis