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CNS > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

How to treat tolerance and depends on ethanol ?

A

Naltrexone
Acamprosate
Disulfiram

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2
Q

Effects from ethanol is by?

A

Decrease Ca
Increase Gaba
Inhibits NMDA receptors

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3
Q

Moa of narcotics e.g heroin?

A

Open K inhibits Ca = inhibits synaptic transmission!

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4
Q

List psychomotor stimulates?

A

Nicotine
Cocaine
Amphitamines
Methylxanthines

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5
Q

Moa of methylxanthines?

A

Inhibit phosphodiesterases which increase intracellualr c AMP

SOME ARE ALSO purine A2 receptor antagonist = smc relaxant!

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6
Q

Caffeine s.e by doses ?

A

Moderate
Agitation insomnia anxiety

High
Emesis and convulsions

Lethal
Cardiac arrhythmias

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7
Q

Moa of nicotine?

A

Mediates fast excitatory synaptic transmission at NMJ and in CNS

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8
Q

Chronic administration of nicotine

A

Increased number of nACHRs

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9
Q

Nicotine at high doses cause?

A

Central respiratory paralysis and severe hypotension

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10
Q

S.e of nicotine

A

Irritability
Tremor
And increase heart rate and bp

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11
Q

Withdrawals of nicotine causes

A

Difficulty concentrating
Insomnia
Headaches
Addictive

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12
Q

Moa of action of cocaine?

A

Increase 5HT and NA

Inhibit reuptake of DA

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13
Q

Causes fight or flight syndrome

A

Cocaine in a form of hypertensions tachycardia

Pupillary dilation and vasoconstriction

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14
Q

Cocaine s.e include

A

Mental depression
Appetite sepression
Seizures and fatal arrhythmia

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15
Q

Amphetaime resembles cocaine in the fact that?

A

It increase NA mostly also indirectly increase 5HT and DA in synaptic cleft

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16
Q

Less likely to cause dependance is?

A

Cannibinoids

17
Q

Why cannibinoids is safer than opiates and ethanol?

A

No respiratory or cardiac effects just drowsiness and confusion

18
Q

Long term effects of cannabinoids?

A

Schizophrenia apathy and underachievment

And at low doses sensory distortion and hallucinations

19
Q

Which drug promotes non exocytotic release of 5HT and to lesser extent NA AND DA by possibly inhibiting monoamine transporter ?

A

LSD

20
Q

A very potent psychomemtic that cause flashback hallucinations and schizophrenic attacks

A

LSD

21
Q

Halothane advantages as and general anaesthetic?

A

Good for peds

Good for asthmatic because it relaxes bronchial smooth muscles!

22
Q

Disadvantages of halothane?

A 
Reduce hepatic and renal bf
Arrhythmia 
Sensitises heart to CA
Fatal hepatotoxicity 
MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA!
Lowers BP!
23
Q

Characteristic of chloropromazine as first generation antipsychotic?

A

Less likely to. Abuse movement disorder unlike haloperidol!!

24
Q

All antipsychotics have anti emetic actions except?

A

Arpiprazole

25
Q

Antipsychotic mostly causing EPs ?

A

Fluphezine and haloperidol

26
Q

Thioridazine is less likely to cause ? But not likely to cause ?

A

EPS

LESS TO QT SYNDROME!

CNS (5 decks)

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