Pathology

Question 1

What tumor affects the 4th ventricle in first 3 decades?

Answer 1

Ependymoma

Question 2

Commonest adult tumours?

Answer 2

Astrocytoma/glioblastoma
Meningioma
Metastatic

Question 3

A temporal lobe tumor would cause?

Answer 3

Epilepsy

Question 4

Posterior lobe tumor would manifest?

Answer 4

Loss of 2 point discrimination
Parasethesia
Sensory deficit

Question 5

Medulloblastoma seeds to other part of the brain by?

Answer 5

CSF

Question 6

Intraabdominal tumor deposits can be seen by?

Answer 6

Ventro peritoneal shunt

Question 7

NF1 syndrome, gene locus? And type of tumors ?

Answer 7

17q11
Neurofibroma
Optic nerve glioma

Question 8

NF2 gene locus? Type of tumor?

Answer 8

Meningioma
Schwanoma
22q12

Question 9

Everything about pilocytic astrocytoma?

Answer 9

Location? Hypothalamus and cerebellum and optic chiasm
Circumscribed cystic with a solid mural nodule
Excision can result in a cure

Question 10

Histopathology of pilocytic astro?

Answer 10

Sparsly cellular tumor with no Anaplasia/mitosis

Spindle cells and rosenthal fibers

Question 11

Difference seen in low grad astrocytoma and not in pilocytic?

Answer 11

Diffuse tumor poorly demarcates( gliomatosis cerebri)

Involve cerebral hemispheres

Question 12

When is astrocytoma called gemisocytic?

Answer 12

If seen with large eosinophilic cytoplasmic mass

Question 13

Molecular of glioblastoma multiforms

Answer 13

Loss of tumor suppressor gene PTEN on c10
Or
Overexpression of EGFR occurs in 40%

Question 14

Pathology of glioblastoma multiforms

Answer 14

Often crosses the midline
Pseudopallisading
Necrosis and endothelial proliferation
Postive for GFAP!

Question 15

5 things about oligodendrogliomaz

Answer 15

Affect cerebral hemispheres
Traversed by a delicate capillary network
Uniform Cells have a clear halo surrounding them
Tend to calcify
Well curcubscribed

Question 16

Ependymoma are characterized by?

Answer 16

Peri vascular formationsWell demarcation from surrounding brain/ spinal cord
Grow in an exophytic fashion

Question 17

Distinctive ultrastructural features of ependymoma?

Answer 17

Cilia microvilli and desmosomes

Question 18

Spinal ependymoma features?

Answer 18

Special variant can be

Myxopapillary characterized by papillary with a mucinous core in cauda equina region

Question 19

Meningieal infiltration is common in?

Answer 19

Medulloblastoma (CSF seeding)

Question 20

What are rosettes where are they found?

Answer 20

Tumor cells in a circle around a fibrillary center

Medulloblastoma

Question 21

Personalised therapy for 2 medulloblastoma tumors involves which pathways?

Answer 21

WNT and SHH

Question 22

Why does meningioma grow rapidly in pregnancy?

Answer 22

Express female sex hormone receptors

Question 23

Neuromyelitis optica characterized by?

Answer 23

Associated with collegen vascular disease ( sjogren sle)
Anti aquaporin IgG (water channel for astrocytoma)
oligoclonal bands
Hyalinzation of blood vessels

Question 24

Reactive neurons seen in

Answer 24

Central pontine myelinosis

Question 25

All about metachromatic leukodystrphy

Answer 25

AR
Arsyulsulfatase deficiency 
Peripheral neuropathy 
Psychomotor retardation 
Blindness 
Lysosomal storage of sulfatide kills Shawn and oligo 
Sulfatides stain meta chromatic

Question 26

Defect in metachromatic regarding myelin?

Answer 26

Degrading and recycling NOT FORMATION!

Question 27

Disease with peri vascular aggregates of globoid cells

multinucleated machrophages with undigested galaxtocerebroside

Answer 27

Krabbe