Pharmacology

Question 1

Mast cell stabilisers

Answer 1

Mast cell stabilizers prevent or control certain allergic disorders. They block a calcium channel essential for mast cell degranulation, stabilizing the cell and thereby preventing the release of histamine and related mediators.
Helps prevent asthma attacks and seasonal or chronic allergic rhinitis
Example- sodium cromoglycate (intal)

Question 2

What type of drug is Sodium Cromoglycate (Intal)?

Answer 2

Mast cell stabiliser

Question 3

Mucolytics

Answer 3

Mucolytic drugs are designed to help loosen and clear the mucus from the airways by breaking up the sputum.

Question 4

Name types of Bronchodilators

2 types and name the drug names of those types

Answer 4

B2- adrenergic receptor agonists

• Salmeterol (Serevent)
• Salbutamol (Ventolin)

Anticholinergic
- Tiotropium (Spiriva)

Question 5

What do B2 adrenergic agonists do?

Answer 5

A type of bronchodilator. This means that they relax and enlarge (dilate) the airways in the lungs, making breathing easier.
First line treatment for COPD

Question 6

What do Anticholinergic drugs do

Answer 6

Anticholinergic drugs are another group of bronchodilators that are different from the beta-agonists. While the beta-agonists affect the bronchioles (small airways), anticholinergics affect the muscles around the bronchi (large airways). When the lungs are irritated, these bands of muscle can tighten, making the bronchi narrower. Anticholinergics work by stopping the muscles from tightening.
For COPD

Question 7

Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Corticosteroids)

Answer 7

Used in the treatment of COPD that control swelling. Decrease swelling in the airways of the lungs.
Examples: Beclomethasone, Budesonide, Fluticasone

Question 8

What drugs may be used to treat COPD

Answer 8

Bronchodilators

• B2 adrenergic receptor agonists
• Anticholinergic

Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Corticosteroids)

Combo of bronchodilator & anti-inflammatory

Mucolytics

Mast cell stabilisers

Question 9

An acute asthma attack is best treated with

Answer 9

Bronchodilators- B2 adrenergic agonists

Question 10

What drugs are used in the treatment of Asthma?

Answer 10

Anti-Inflammatory drugs
Bronchodilators
Mucolytics