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BB 2 > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Parkinson’s = neurodegenerative disorder characterised by loss of …. Cells in the …. …., degeneration of motor and non-motor … …. Circuits occur

A

Parkinson’s = neurodegenerative disorder characterised by loss of DOPAMINERGIC Cells in the SUBSTANTIAL NIGRA, degeneration of motor and non-motor BASAL GANGLIA Circuits occur

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2
Q

Parkinson’s tremor is …

A

… At rest

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3
Q

Bradykinesia (Parkinson’s)

A

Slow movements

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4
Q

Parkinson’s have difficulty …. And …. Movements

A

Starting and stopping

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5
Q

Parkinson’s have a loss of …. Reflexes

A

Postural

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6
Q

RATE HYPOTHESIS:
DA production is … From the S.N., so changes in the striatal activity lead to ….. Of the …
And a reduction in …. Output from the … To the STN
Therefore overactive STN and … Activity from striatum = over activity of the ….
Results in suppression of the …. Activity to the ….

A

RATE HYPOTHESIS:
DA production is REDCED From the S.N., so changes in the striatal activity lead to SUPPRESSION Of the GPe
And a reduction in INHIBITORY Output from the GPe To the STN
Therefore overactive STN and DECREASED Activity from striatum = over activity of the GPi
Results in suppression of the THALAMIC Activity to the CORTEX

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7
Q

DBS outline: 1-5

A 
Pre implantation
Implanting
Leads
Implanting neurotransmitter
Healing
Programming sessions
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8
Q

DBS frequency =
Pulse width =
Voltage ranging =

A

130-185Hz
60-120us
2-5V

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9
Q

DBS for Parkinson’s implant leads into …

A

Subthalamus

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10
Q

DBS works by ….

A

INHIBITION! (Of subthalamic neurotransmission)

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11
Q

Stimulation can result in …. …. across a population of …

A

Pattern changes …. Neurons

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12
Q

Early PD treatments:

A

Levodopa
Dopamine agonists
MAO-B inhibitors

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13
Q

PD treatment (w motor and non motor symptoms)

A 
Levodopa
Dopamine agonists
MAO-B inhibitors
Catechlo-O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitors
(Apomorphine and amantadine)
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14
Q

DBS can be used to treat …. (Not PD or refractory epilepsy)
The …… Is stimulated

A

Dystonia (involuntary muscle contractions)

The GBi is stimulated (pallidal stimulation)

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15
Q

Forms of dystonia which respond well to DBS =

A

Primary generalised
DYT1 positive or negative
Hemidystonia

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16
Q

DBS is used to treat … (Not PD or dystonia)

You stimulate ….. …..

A

Refractory epilepsy

You stimulate the vagus nerve

17
Q

Deep Brain stimulation objective…

A

.. Modulate neural pathways

BB 2 (3 decks)

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