Pharmacology 3 Flashcards
What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic and parasympathetic
Which neurotransmitter is predominantly used by the sympathetic nervous system?
Norepinephrine
Which neurotransmitter is predominantly used by the parasympathetic nervous system?
Acetylcholine
What is the primary neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction?
Acetylcholine
What is the primary neurotransmitter released by postganglionic sympathetic neurons?
Norepinephrine
What is the primary neurotransmitter released by postganglionic parasympathetic neurons?
Acetylcholine
Which receptors are activated by acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction?
Nicotinic receptors
Which receptors are activated by acetylcholine in the autonomic ganglia?
Nicotinic receptors
Which receptors are activated by norepinephrine in the sympathetic nervous system?
Alpha and beta adrenergic receptors
Which receptors are activated by acetylcholine in the parasympathetic nervous system?
Muscarinic receptors
Which receptor subtype is predominantly found in the heart and smooth muscle?
Beta adrenergic receptors
Which receptor subtype is predominantly found in the blood vessels and glands?
Alpha adrenergic receptors
What is the primary enzyme responsible for the degradation of acetylcholine?
Acetylcholinesterase
What class of drugs inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase?
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
Which class of drugs are used to treat myasthenia gravis by increasing acetylcholine levels?
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
What is the primary enzyme responsible for the breakdown of norepinephrine?
Monoamine oxidase (MAO)
What class of drugs inhibit the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO)?
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Which class of drugs are used to treat depression by increasing norepinephrine levels?
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Which class of drugs act by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin?
Tricyclic antidepressants
Which class of drugs act by inhibiting the release of norepinephrine from presynaptic nerve terminals?
Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists
Which class of drugs are used to treat hypertension by blocking alpha adrenergic receptors?
Alpha blockers
Which class of drugs are used to treat hypertension by blocking beta adrenergic receptors?
Beta blockers
Which class of drugs are used to treat angina by dilating coronary arteries?
Beta blockers
Which class of drugs are used to treat asthma by dilating bronchial smooth muscle?
Beta-2 adrenergic agonists
Which class of drugs are used to treat glaucoma by reducing intraocular pressure?
Beta blockers
Which class of drugs are used to treat urinary incontinence by increasing bladder tone?
Muscarinic agonists
Which class of drugs are used to treat bradycardia by increasing heart rate?
Beta-1 adrenergic agonists
Which class of drugs are used to treat atrial fibrillation by slowing conduction through the AV node?
Beta blockers
Which class of drugs are used to treat muscarinic toxicity by blocking muscarinic receptors?
Anticholinergic drugs
Which class of drugs are used to treat overactive bladder by relaxing detrusor muscle?
Muscarinic antagonists
Which class of drugs are used to treat motion sickness by blocking histamine receptors?
Antihistamines
Which class of drugs are used to treat acute asthma attacks by dilating bronchial smooth muscle?
Beta-2 adrenergic agonists
Which class of drugs are used to treat anaphylactic shock by dilating bronchial smooth muscle?
Beta-2 adrenergic agonists
