Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 3 Psychiatry > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Venlafaxine

A
  • SNRI antidepressant
  • Major depression; GAD
  • SE’s: Constipation, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, hypertension, palpitations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What drugs are useful for impulse control?

A
  • SSRIs, carbamazepine

- Lithium for aggression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Carbamazepine

A
  • Anti-convulsant & mood-stabilizer
  • Bipolar affective disorder unresponsive to lithium
  • SE’s: headache, dry mouth, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, blurring of vision, oedema, dermatitis, urticaria. Blood disorders inc. eospinophilia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, haemolyic anaemia.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Fluoxetine

A
  • SSRI
  • Indications: depression, OCD, GAD, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder.
  • SEs: diarrhoea, dysphagia, hypo-tension, flushing, palpitation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sertraline

A

-SSRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Citalopram

A

-SSRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Compare SSRIs to TCAs

A

SSRIs are less sedating and have fewer anti-muscarinic and cardiotoxic effects than TCAs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name some side effects of TCAs

A
  • Common side effects are due to antimuscarinic properties of the TCAs, such as: dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention.
  • CNS side effects include: anxiety, dizziness and confusion. -Other side effects include: arrhythmias, GI disturbances and hypersensitivity reactions.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name three typical (1st generation) anti psychotics

A

Haloperidol, chlorpromazine, fluphenazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name 6 ATYPICAL antispychotics

A
  • Clozapine
  • Risperidone
  • Aripiprazole
  • Zotepine
  • Olanzapine
  • Quetiapine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the major action of most anti-psychotics?

A

They are dopamine anatagnists. They block post-synaptic D2 receptors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the main problem with the typical antipsychotics?

A

They tend to cause distressing extra-pyramidal side effects at normal treatment doses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the advantages of typical antipsychotics?

A

They are effective, cheap and provide depot options

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the qualities of atypical antipsychotics that make them superior to typical antipsychotics?

A

They have fewer extra-pyramidal side effects and generally do not increase prolactin levels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

All atypical antipsychotics block dopamine receptors, but they also block another type of receptor. Name which receptor they also block.

A

Serotonin 5-HT2 receptors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which atypical antipsychotic is available as a depot injection?

A

Risperidone

17
Q

Name four extrapyramidal side effects in order of their onset and describe what they are

A

1) Dystonia (early/within hours) - Involuntary, painful, sustained muscle spasms e.g. torticollis
2) Akathisia (Hours to weeks)- an unpleasant subjective feeling of restlessness and inability to remain still
3) Parkinsonism (Days to weeks) - The triad of rigidity, bradykinesia and resting tremor
4) Tardive dyskinesia (months to years) - Involuntary rhythmic, repetitive body movements which are very distressing e.g. chewing/sucking movements with mouth and tongue

18
Q

What can hyper-pro-lactinaemia cause?

A

Galactorrhoea, amenorrhoea, gynecomastia, hypogonadism and sexual dysfunction. It also increases the risk of osteoporosis.

19
Q

Which two atypical anti-psychotics notably cause weight gain as a side effect?

A

Clozapine and olanzapine

20
Q

Other than extra-pyramidal side effects and increasing levels of prolactin, what other side effects occur with anti-psychotics?

A
  • Weight gain
  • Sedation
  • Increased risk of diabetes
  • Dyslipidaemia
  • Anticholinergic side effects (e.g. dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention and tachycardia)
  • Arrhythmias
  • Seizures (greatest risk with clozapine)
  • Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (rare but life threatening)
21
Q

Regarding neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), what are:

a) The symptoms
b) The blood results

A

a) Muscle stiffness and rigidity; altered consciousness and disturbance of the autonomic nervous system e.g. tachycardia, fever and labile BP
b) You would expect a raised creatinine kinase and a raised WCC

22
Q

One atypical antipsychotic can cause hyper-prolactinaemia. Which one is it?

A

Risperidone

23
Q

Which is the first line drug for treatment-resistant schizophrenia? Why should it only be tried when other anti-psychotics have failed, despite being more effective?

A

Clozapine; because it has the potentially fatal complication on agranulocytosis.

24
Q

Finish this sentence: The use of clozapine requires weekly blood tests to detect early signs of …

A

Neutropenia

25
Q

Clomipramine

A

TCA

26
Q

Imipramine

A

TCA

Year 3 Psychiatry (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions