Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ptcb > Pharmacology 2 > Flashcards

Pharmacology 2 Flashcards

1
Q

When drug activity is at the site of administration

A

Local effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When a drug is introduced into the venous (circulatory) system and carried to the site of activity

A

Systemic effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The breaking apart of a tablet into smaller pieces

A

Disintegration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When smaller pieces of a disintegrated tablet dissolve in solution

A

Dissolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The pH scale measures the acidity or the opposite (alkalinity) of a substance. 7 is neutral on the scale, values below which represent increasing acidity, and above which represent increasing alkalinity.

A

pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

a clear, not necessarily colorless, liquid made up of one or more ingredients dissolved in a solvent.

A

Solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A liquid that can dissolve another substance to form a solution.

A

Solvent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Water based and most common kind of oral solution

A

Aqueous solutions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Solutions that predominately contain solvents other than water, either alone or in addition to water. Ex: glycerin, alcohol, and propylene glycol can be used in oral solutions

A

Nonaqueous solutions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Concentrated or nearly saturated solutions of sucrose in water. More viscous (thicker) than water, and contain less than 10% alcohol.

A

Syrups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Clear, sweetened, hydroalcoholic liquids intended for oral use. Its alcohol ranges from 5-40% (10-80 proof)

A

Elixirs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solutions of nonvolatile substances. Its potent drugs have 10g of the drug in each 100ml.

A

Tinctures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Formulations in which the drug does not completely dissolve in the solvent.

A

Suspensions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A stabilising agent in emulsions

A

Emulsifer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Under the tongue

A

Sublingual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Painful swollen veins in the anal/rectal area, generally caused by strained bowel movements from hard stools.

A

Hemorrhoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ingredients in a formulation designed to control the pH

A

Buffer system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Sterile condition is one which is free of all microorganisms, both harmful and harmless.

A

Sterile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Administrated directly into veins

A

Intravenous injections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Administrated into muscle tissue and generally result in a slower onset but longer duration of action compared to IV administration.

A

Intramuscular injections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Administered into the subcutaneous tissue of the skin.

A

Subcutaneous injection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Administered into the top layer of the skin at a slight angle using short needles

A

Intradermal injections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Upper limit of the therapeutic window

A

Minimum toxic concentration (MTC)

24
Q

Drug’s blood concentration range between its MEC and MTC

A

Therapeutic window

25
Q

The movement of drugs from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration; cellular energy is required.

A

Active transport

26
Q

Water repelling; cannot associate with water

A

Hydrophobic

27
Q

Capable of associating with or absorbing water

A

Hydrophilic

28
Q

Fat like substance

A

Lipoidal

29
Q

The attachement of a drug molecule to a plasma or tissue protein, effectively making the drug inactive, but also keeping it within the body.

A

Protein binding

30
Q

Condition in which thyroid hormone secretions are above normal

A

Hyperthyroidism

31
Q

Chronic liver disease causing loss of function

A

Cirrhosis

32
Q

Inflammatory condition of the liver caused by viruses

A

Acute viral hepatitis

33
Q

Obstruction of the bile duct that cause hepatic waste products and bile to accumulate in the liver

A

Obstructive jaundice

34
Q

Unintended side effect of a medication that is negative or in some way injurious to a patient’s health

A

Adverse drug reaction

35
Q

Potentially fatal hypersensitivity reaction producing severe respiratory distress and cardiovascular collapse.

A

Anaphylactic shock

36
Q

The ability of a substance to cause cancer

A

Carcinogenicity

37
Q

Abnormal sensitivity generally resulting in an allergic reaction

A

Hypersensitivity

38
Q

Drug that is bound to a plasma protein is removed when another drug of greater binding potential binds go the same protein

A

Displacement

39
Q

Increase in hepatic enzyme activity that results in greater metabolism of drugs

A

Enzyme induction

40
Q

Decrease in hepatic enzyme activity that results in reduced metaoblism of drugs

A

Enzyme inhibition

41
Q

Summation in effect when two drugs with similar pharmacological actions are taken

A

Additive effects

42
Q

Drug that antagonizes the toxic effect of another

A

Antidote

43
Q

When one drug with no inherent activity of its own increases the activity or another drug that produce an effect.

A

Potentiation

44
Q

When two drugs with similar pharmacological actions produce greater effects than the sum of individual effects.

A

Synergism

45
Q

The state of equilibrium of the body

A

Homeostasis

46
Q

Chemicals released by nerves that interact with receptors to cause an effect

A

Neurotransmitter

47
Q

The pain from a painful medical condition is reduced or not felt

A

Analgesia

48
Q

Used to treat severe pain

A

Opiate-type narcotic

49
Q

Are both analgesia and anti-inflammatory

A

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID)

50
Q

Reduces fever

A

Antipyretic

51
Q

Cause an absence of sensation or pain

A

Anesthetics

52
Q

Block pain conduction from peripheral nerves to the central nervous system without causing a loss of conciousness.

A

Local anesthetics

53
Q

Overdose of anesthesia that paralyzes the respiratory and heart centers of the medulla, leading to death

A

Medullary paralysis (Stage IV) Four Stages of General Anesthesia

54
Q

The stage of anesthesia in which surgery can be safely conducted

A

Surgical Anesthesia (Stage III)

55
Q

Increase in sympathetic nervous system effects such as blood pressure, heart and respiratory rate

A

Excitement (Stage II)

56
Q

Euphoria with loss of pain and consciousness

A

Analgesia (Stage I)

Ptcb (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions